c++structunionsanonymous-struct

C++ anonymous structs


I use the following union to simplify byte, nibble and bit operations:

union Byte
{
  struct {
    unsigned int bit_0: 1;
    unsigned int bit_1: 1;
    unsigned int bit_2: 1;
    unsigned int bit_3: 1;
    unsigned int bit_4: 1;
    unsigned int bit_5: 1;
    unsigned int bit_6: 1;
    unsigned int bit_7: 1;
  };

  struct {
    unsigned int nibble_0: 4;
    unsigned int nibble_1: 4;
  };

  unsigned char byte;
};

It works nice, but it also generates this warning:

warning: ISO C++ prohibits anonymous structs [-pedantic]

Ok, nice to know. But... how to get this warning out of my g++ output? Is there a possibility to write something like this union without this issue?


Solution

  • The gcc compiler option -fms-extensions will allow non-standard anonymous structs without warning.

    (That option enables what it considers "Microsoft extensions")

    You can also achieve the same effect in valid C++ using this convention.

    union Byte
    {
      struct bits_type {
        unsigned int _0: 1;
        unsigned int _1: 1;
        unsigned int _2: 1;
        unsigned int _3: 1;
        unsigned int _4: 1;
        unsigned int _5: 1;
        unsigned int _6: 1;
        unsigned int _7: 1;
      } bit;
      struct nibbles_type {
        unsigned int _0: 4;
        unsigned int _1: 4;
      } nibble;
      unsigned char byte;
    };
    

    With this, your non-standard byte.nibble_0 becomes the legal byte.nibble._0