I need to end a dispute with my customer.
Is it possible to rename the application label, the shortcut name and the application icon after the APK is installed?
I would say no! absolutely no!
No rooted device, no external tool. The application is downloaded and isntalled by the standard Google Play market tool.
At the first execution the app know its new label/icon but it can't modify these properties itself.
Am I wrong?
You are not wrong sir.
The app's name and icon are stated in the manifest and cannot be changed during runtime. Android does not permit this.
You can, however, change the title of the app in the title bar via setTitle(name);
Hope you won some cash over this bet :)