How can I return to my bash prompt automatically after printing output from a function that was put in the background?
For example, when I run the following script in a bash shell:
fn(){ sleep 10 echo "Done" exit } fn &
After running the script, it immediately returns my prompt. After 10 seconds, it prints "Done" and then displays a blinking cursor on a new line:
$ Done ▏
The script isn't running anymore, but I don't get my prompt back until I press Return.
Is there any way to force a return to the bash prompt after printing "Done"?
A related question is: Is there a way for a backgrounded task to inform the terminal to print a new prompt? However, that question asks about a backgrounded program. The answer supplied there applies to a program that is sent to the background, but doesn't seem to work for a function that is sent to the background (as in the example I supplied).
To clarify: I am looking to save the entire code snippet above (e.g., as myscript.sh
) and then run it as a foreground script (e.g., as bash myscript.sh
).
EDIT: The above is of course just a MWE. The context of this problem is:
fn &
fn
monitors the queue and kills tail
when the job finishes.Here's some less minimal code:
watch_queue(){ until [ `qstat | grep $job | wc -l` -lt 1 ]; do sleep 2 done kill -9 $pid tput setaf 7 tput setab 0 echo "Hit ENTER to return to your command prompt." tput sgr0 exit 0 } cmd="something complicated that is built at runtime" outfile="ditto" queue="selected at runtime, too" job=`echo "cd \$PBS_O_WORKDIR && $cmd >> $outfile " | qsub -q $queue -e /dev/null -o /dev/null | awk 'BEGIN { FS="." } { print $1 }'` echo "Job $job queued on $queue: $cmd" eval "tail -f -F $outfile 2>/dev/null &" pid=$! watch_queue &
Of course it would be a lot easier for me if my users could just pick up the job output from a separate file, or manipulate jobs between foreground and background on their own, but they can't. They can't even follow the instructions in the script to hit Enter to get the "look" of a prompt back... And I can't open another "window" - they do not have a display server.
Compile below code to file a.out
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
/* char buf[] = "date\n"; */
char buf[] = "\n"; /* Data to write on terminal */
int i;
int fd = open(argv[1], O_WRONLY); /* Open terminal */
/* printf("fd = %d\n", fd); */
for (i = 0; i < sizeof buf - 1; i++) /* Write data */
ioctl(fd, TIOCSTI, &buf[i]);
close(fd); /* Close file descriptor */
return 0;
}
This program expects a path as command line argument. Program will open the path and write a new line to this path.
If this path happen to contain the file descriptor of a writable terminal running bash script, this would cause bash to catch a new prompt.
Modify your shell script
fn(){
sleep 10
echo "Done"
./a.out /proc/$PPID/fd/0
}
fn &
This script would do some job (represented with sleep here) and then call the utility written previously with argument as input terminal of parent. Parent terminal would receive a new line and catch a new prompt discarding the stray command on this prompt if any.
/proc
contains directories for all processes. Name of folder matches to the pid of process.
Inbuild variable PPID
contains the parent's pid.
Inside the pid
directory, there is an fd
directory containing open streams.
0
is for input, 1
is for output and 2
is for error. There may be more open streams depending on the process. We are interested in 0
stream here.