pythonmatplotlibmplot3dz-axis

Changing position of vertical (z) axis of 3D plot


I'm doing some 3D surface plots using Matplotlib in Python and have noticed an annoying phenomenon. Depending on how I set the viewpoint (camera location), the vertical (z) axis moves between the left and right side. Here are two examples: Example 1, Axis left, Example 2, Axis right. The first example has ax.view_init(25,-135) while the second has ax.view_init(25,-45).

I would like to keep the viewpoints the same (best way to view the data). Is there any way to force the axis to one side or the other?


Solution

  • I needed something similar: drawing the zaxis on both sides. Thanks to the answer by @crayzeewulf I came to following workaround (for left, righ, or both sides):

    enter image description here

    First plot your 3d as you need, then before you call show() wrap the Axes3D with a Wrapper class that simply overrides the draw() method.

    The Wrapper Class calls simply sets the visibility of some features to False, it draws itself and finally draws the zaxis with modified PLANES. This Wrapper Class allows you to draw the zaxis on the left, on the rigth or on both sides.

    import matplotlib
    matplotlib.use('QT4Agg')
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
    
    class MyAxes3D(axes3d.Axes3D):
    
        def __init__(self, baseObject, sides_to_draw):
            self.__class__ = type(baseObject.__class__.__name__,
                                  (self.__class__, baseObject.__class__),
                                  {})
            self.__dict__ = baseObject.__dict__
            self.sides_to_draw = list(sides_to_draw)
            self.mouse_init()
    
        def set_some_features_visibility(self, visible):
            for t in self.w_zaxis.get_ticklines() + self.w_zaxis.get_ticklabels():
                t.set_visible(visible)
            self.w_zaxis.line.set_visible(visible)
            self.w_zaxis.pane.set_visible(visible)
            self.w_zaxis.label.set_visible(visible)
    
        def draw(self, renderer):
            # set visibility of some features False 
            self.set_some_features_visibility(False)
            # draw the axes
            super(MyAxes3D, self).draw(renderer)
            # set visibility of some features True. 
            # This could be adapted to set your features to desired visibility, 
            # e.g. storing the previous values and restoring the values
            self.set_some_features_visibility(True)
    
            zaxis = self.zaxis
            draw_grid_old = zaxis.axes._draw_grid
            # disable draw grid
            zaxis.axes._draw_grid = False
    
            tmp_planes = zaxis._PLANES
    
            if 'l' in self.sides_to_draw :
                # draw zaxis on the left side
                zaxis._PLANES = (tmp_planes[2], tmp_planes[3],
                                 tmp_planes[0], tmp_planes[1],
                                 tmp_planes[4], tmp_planes[5])
                zaxis.draw(renderer)
            if 'r' in self.sides_to_draw :
                # draw zaxis on the right side
                zaxis._PLANES = (tmp_planes[3], tmp_planes[2], 
                                 tmp_planes[1], tmp_planes[0], 
                                 tmp_planes[4], tmp_planes[5])
                zaxis.draw(renderer)
    
            zaxis._PLANES = tmp_planes
    
            # disable draw grid
            zaxis.axes._draw_grid = draw_grid_old
    
    def example_surface(ax):
        """ draw an example surface. code borrowed from http://matplotlib.org/examples/mplot3d/surface3d_demo.html """
        from matplotlib import cm
        import numpy as np
        X = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
        Y = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
        X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
        R = np.sqrt(X**2 + Y**2)
        Z = np.sin(R)
        surf = ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=1, cstride=1, cmap=cm.coolwarm, linewidth=0, antialiased=False)
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15, 5))
        ax = fig.add_subplot(131, projection='3d')
        ax.set_title('z-axis left side')
        ax = fig.add_axes(MyAxes3D(ax, 'l'))
        example_surface(ax) # draw an example surface
        ax = fig.add_subplot(132, projection='3d')
        ax.set_title('z-axis both sides')
        ax = fig.add_axes(MyAxes3D(ax, 'lr'))
        example_surface(ax) # draw an example surface
        ax = fig.add_subplot(133, projection='3d')
        ax.set_title('z-axis right side')
        ax = fig.add_axes(MyAxes3D(ax, 'r'))
        example_surface(ax) # draw an example surface
        plt.show()