How to calculate milliseconds with Java as in Ruby?

I can calculate the time in milliseconds with the following Ruby snippet:

$ irb
> require 'date'
 => true 
> Date.new(2014,9,5).to_time
 => 2014-09-05 00:00:00 +0200
> Date.new(2014,9,5).to_time.to_i * 1000
 => 1409868000000

1409868000000 is the desired result.
How can I get the same result with Java? I set the time zone to CEST since it seems to be what Ruby works with. So I tried this:

GregorianCalendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(TimeZone.getTimeZone("CEST"));
calendar.set(2014, 9, 5);
System.out.println("" + calendar.getTimeInMillis());
// Returns: 1412498241422

There are three problems with your current code:

• "CEST" isn't a time zone Java recognized. Try Europe/Paris instead, as a European time zone
• java.util.Calendar uses 0-based months (yes, it's awful)
• You haven't cleared out the time part of the Calendar, so it'll give you the current time of day, on that date

This works:

import java.util.*;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        TimeZone zone = TimeZone.getTimeZone("Europe/Paris");
        Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(zone);
        // Month 8 = September in 0-based month numbering
        calendar.set(2014, 8, 5, 0, 0, 0);
        calendar.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
        System.out.println(calendar.getTimeInMillis());
    }
}

If you know the month in advance, you can use the constants instead:

calendar.set(2014, Calendar.SEPTEMBER, 5, 0, 0, 0);

If you can possibly move to using Joda Time or java.time from Java 8, however, those are much cleaner APIs.

For example, in Joda Time:

import org.joda.time.*;

class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DateTimeZone zone = DateTimeZone.forID("Europe/Paris");
        // Look ma, a sensible month numbering system!
        LocalDate date = new LocalDate(2014, 9, 5);
        DateTime zoned = date.toDateTimeAtStartOfDay(zone);
        System.out.println(zoned.getMillis());
    }
}