OpenGL rendering causes graphical glitch

Code is below. When the program runs, it generates a more or less correct image, but there are some graphical glitches. Here are some images:. Any ideas on what could be causing this? The weirdest part is that the issue appears to form on triangles, even though the image is being drawn with polygons (quads).

void buildList() {
    cubelist = glGenLists(1);
    glNewList(cubelist,GL_COMPILE);

    // Multi-colored side - FRONT
    glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
    glColor3b(0,0,0);
    glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, -0.5);
    glVertex3f( -0.5,  0.5, -0.5);
    glVertex3f(  0.5,  0.5, -0.5);
    glVertex3f(  0.5, -0.5, -0.5);
    // Black side - BACK
    glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
    glColor3b(0,0,0);
    glVertex3f(  0.5, -0.5, 0.5 );
    glVertex3f(  0.5,  0.5, 0.5 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5,  0.5, 0.5 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 );
    glEnd();

    // Purple side - RIGHT
    glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
    glColor3f(  1.0,  0.0,  1.0 );
    glVertex3f( 0.5, -0.5, -0.5 );
    glVertex3f( 0.5,  0.5, -0.5 );
    glVertex3f( 0.5,  0.5,  0.5 );
    glVertex3f( 0.5, -0.5,  0.5 );
    glEnd();

    // Green side - LEFT
    glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
    glColor3f(   0.0,  1.0,  0.0 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5,  0.5 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5,  0.5,  0.5 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5,  0.5, -0.5 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, -0.5 );
    glEnd();

    // Blue side - TOP
    glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
    glColor3f(   0.0,  0.0,  1.0 );
    glVertex3f(  0.5,  0.5,  0.5 );
    glVertex3f(  0.5,  0.5, -0.5 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5,  0.5, -0.5 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5,  0.5,  0.5 );
    glEnd();

    // Red side - BOTTOM
    glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
    glColor3f(   1.0,  0.0,  0.0 );
    glVertex3f(  0.5, -0.5, -0.5 );
    glVertex3f(  0.5, -0.5,  0.5 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5,  0.5 );
    glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, -0.5 );
    glEnd();
    glEndList();
}

void setupGL() {
    glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 0);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_CLAMP);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
    glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
    glCullFace(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK);
}

int main(int, char const**)
{
    sf::Window window(sf::VideoMode(1600, 1200), "OpenGL", sf::Style::Default, sf::ContextSettings(32));
    window.setVerticalSyncEnabled(true);
    //initWorld();
    setupGL();
    buildList();

    while (running)
    {

        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
        // Process events
        sf::Event event;
        handleInput(window);
        while (window.pollEvent(event))
        {
            // Close window: exit
            if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed) {
                running = false;
            }

            // Escape pressed: exit
            if (event.type == sf::Event::KeyPressed && event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::Escape) {
                running = false;
            }
        }

        glCallList(cubelist);

        // Update the window (c is a "Camera" object that just sets the perspective.   I can provide code if necessary)
        c.draw();
        window.display();
    }

    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

EDIT: So changing the GL_POLYGONS statements to GL_QUADS seemed to fix the problem, but I'm still somewhat curious as to why.

Your first glBegin doesn't have a matching glEnd, this causes all the other glBegins to be ignored until the next glEnd. This means the front face leaked out to the back face.

That said immediate mode and the related displayList are deprecated, instead look into VBOs to store the vertex data.