What is the algorithm to convert a quadratic bezier (with 3 points) to a cubic one (with 4 points)?
From https://fontforge.org/docs/techref/bezier.html#converting-truetype-to-postscript:
Any quadratic spline can be expressed as a cubic (where the cubic term is zero). The end points of the cubic will be the same as the quadratic's.
CP0 = QP0
CP3 = QP2
The two control points for the cubic are:
CP1 = QP0 + 2/3 *(QP1-QP0)
CP2 = QP2 + 2/3 *(QP1-QP2)
...There is a slight error introduced due to rounding, but it is unlikely to be noticeable.