In Bash, when I am typing a command, I press Ctrl + U, all characters from the beginning of the line to the cursor are going to be removed. However, in Z shell (executable zsh), if I press Ctrl + U, the whole line is gone.
How can I do the same in Z shell as in Bash?
It sounds like you'd like for Ctrl+U to be bound to backward-kill-line rather than kill-whole-line, so add this to your .zshrc:
bindkey \^U backward-kill-line
The bindkey builtin and the available editing commands (“widgets”) are documented in the zshzle man page.