In my application (Delphi), I need to list all the USB storage devices. These can be either flash memory sticks or external storage drives.
There is a Jvcl
component JvDriveCombo
, and it has the DriveType
property - the problem is if I select DriveType := Fixed
then in addition to the external drive, it also lists the internal drives (C:\
, D:\
etc). However, I only want to list the external drives.
I believe there is DeviceIoControl function (I saw it on MSDN) but I have no idea of how to use it.
I wonder if anyone can help me with the proper way / code to list USB storage devices?
Thanks.
EDIT:
I just found some sample code and am posting it here:
uses .... jwawinbase, JwaWinIoctl;
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
DriveCmdStr: string;
DriveHandle: THandle;
ADriveLetter: string;
hp: STORAGE_HOTPLUG_INFO;
rlen: DWORD;
begin
ADriveLetter := 'H';
DriveCmdStr := Format('\\.\%s:', [ADriveLetter]);
DriveHandle := CreateFile(PChar(DriveCmdStr), GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
nil, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0);
if DriveHandle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE then
Exit;
DeviceIoControl(DriveHandle, IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_HOTPLUG_INFO, nil, 0, @hp,
SizeOf(hp), @rlen, nil);
CloseHandle(DriveHandle);
if hp.MediaRemovable then
showmessage('media removable');
end;
Now I would like to just know how to enumerate all the drive letters. Which is the most efficient function?
{$MINENUMSIZE 4}
const
IOCTL_STORAGE_QUERY_PROPERTY = $002D1400;
type
STORAGE_QUERY_TYPE = (PropertyStandardQuery = 0, PropertyExistsQuery, PropertyMaskQuery, PropertyQueryMaxDefined);
TStorageQueryType = STORAGE_QUERY_TYPE;
STORAGE_PROPERTY_ID = (StorageDeviceProperty = 0, StorageAdapterProperty);
TStoragePropertyID = STORAGE_PROPERTY_ID;
STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY = packed record
PropertyId: STORAGE_PROPERTY_ID;
QueryType: STORAGE_QUERY_TYPE;
AdditionalParameters: array [0..9] of AnsiChar;
end;
TStoragePropertyQuery = STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY;
STORAGE_BUS_TYPE = (BusTypeUnknown = 0, BusTypeScsi, BusTypeAtapi, BusTypeAta, BusType1394, BusTypeSsa, BusTypeFibre,
BusTypeUsb, BusTypeRAID, BusTypeiScsi, BusTypeSas, BusTypeSata, BusTypeMaxReserved = $7F);
TStorageBusType = STORAGE_BUS_TYPE;
STORAGE_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR = packed record
Version: DWORD;
Size: DWORD;
DeviceType: Byte;
DeviceTypeModifier: Byte;
RemovableMedia: Boolean;
CommandQueueing: Boolean;
VendorIdOffset: DWORD;
ProductIdOffset: DWORD;
ProductRevisionOffset: DWORD;
SerialNumberOffset: DWORD;
BusType: STORAGE_BUS_TYPE;
RawPropertiesLength: DWORD;
RawDeviceProperties: array [0..0] of AnsiChar;
end;
TStorageDeviceDescriptor = STORAGE_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR;
function GetBusType(Drive: AnsiChar): TStorageBusType;
var
H: THandle;
Query: TStoragePropertyQuery;
dwBytesReturned: DWORD;
Buffer: array [0..1023] of Byte;
sdd: TStorageDeviceDescriptor absolute Buffer;
OldMode: UINT;
begin
Result := BusTypeUnknown;
OldMode := SetErrorMode(SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS);
try
H := CreateFile(PChar(Format('\\.\%s:', [AnsiLowerCase(Drive)])), 0, FILE_SHARE_READ or FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0);
if H <> INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE then
begin
try
dwBytesReturned := 0;
FillChar(Query, SizeOf(Query), 0);
FillChar(Buffer, SizeOf(Buffer), 0);
sdd.Size := SizeOf(Buffer);
Query.PropertyId := StorageDeviceProperty;
Query.QueryType := PropertyStandardQuery;
if DeviceIoControl(H, IOCTL_STORAGE_QUERY_PROPERTY, @Query, SizeOf(Query), @Buffer, SizeOf(Buffer), dwBytesReturned, nil) then
Result := sdd.BusType;
finally
CloseHandle(H);
end;
end;
finally
SetErrorMode(OldMode);
end;
end;
procedure GetUsbDrives(List: TStrings);
var
DriveBits: set of 0..25;
I: Integer;
Drive: AnsiChar;
begin
List.BeginUpdate;
try
Cardinal(DriveBits) := GetLogicalDrives;
for I := 0 to 25 do
if I in DriveBits then
begin
Drive := Chr(Ord('a') + I);
if GetBusType(Drive) = BusTypeUsb then
List.Add(Drive);
end;
finally
List.EndUpdate;
end;
end;