What is the difference between docker and docker-compose

docker and docker-compose seem to be interacting with the same dockerFile, what is the difference between the two tools?

The docker cli is used when managing individual containers on a docker engine. It is the client command line to access the docker daemon api.

The docker-compose cli can be used to manage a multi-container application. It also moves many of the options you would enter on the docker run cli into the docker-compose.yml file for easier reuse. It works as a front end "script" on top of the same docker api used by docker, so you can do everything docker-compose does with docker commands and a lot of shell scripting. See this documentation on docker-compose for more details.

Update for Swarm Mode

Since this answer was posted, docker has added a second use of docker-compose.yml files. Starting with the version 3 yml format and docker 1.13, you can use the yml with docker-compose and also to define a stack in docker's swarm mode. To do the latter you need to use docker stack deploy -c docker-compose.yml $stack_name instead of docker-compose up and then manage the stack with docker commands instead of docker-compose commands. The mapping is a one for one between the two uses:

• Compose Project -> Swarm Stack: A group of services for a specific purpose
• Compose Service -> Swarm Service: One image and it's configuration, possibly scaled up.
• Compose Container -> Swarm Task: A single container in a service

For more details on swarm mode, see docker's swarm mode documentation.