It doesn't look to me like there's any menu option which enables whitespace to be viewed in the text editor.
There's a similar question here, however this is referring to SSMS Express 2005 . An answer to this question shows how whitespace viewing can be enabled by editing registry values. However, i don't have that path specified in my registry. (I've checked each dir in the SQL Server registry and can't find a 'Visible Whitespace' entry)
I am using SQL Server Management Studio 2016 (v 13.0.15500.91)
Surely there must be a way to achieve this. It's not really required but I would like my settings to match my other versions of SSMS.
The option is under: Edit > Advanced > View White Space