Just bought a couple of NodeMCU from vendor on AliExpress. They were advertised as "v2" and having 4M flash.
How can I verify the flash size? The board says "Ver 0.1", but don't know if that means anything.
You have basically two options: install a firmware (NodeMCU, Arduino, etc.) and use their functions or extract the flash ID and look it up.
Install NodeMCU
Chip ID
esptool.py -p <serial-port> flash_id
(gives you a hex manufacturer & chip ID)