I know that some of this data is viewable in iPhoto, such as latitude, longitude, and altitude, but is there more than this available? More specifically I am wanting to get the direction of the image as well, which is part of the EXIF format. Or does something other than geotagging need to be enabled (something to do with the compass)?
Okay, good news :). The direction is stored in GPS Img Direction. Here's what I was able to get from a photo taken from an iphone (with location services and compass turned on) using the ExifTool mentioned by @rwong.
ExifTool Version Number : 8.34
File Name : photo.JPG
Directory : C:/Documents and Settings/user/My Document
s/Downloads
File Size : 349 kB
File Modification Date/Time : 2010:10:19 14:05:39-06:00
File Permissions : rw-rw-rw-
File Type : JPEG
MIME Type : image/jpeg
JFIF Version : 1.01
Exif Byte Order : Big-endian (Motorola, MM)
Image Description : Back Camera
Make : Apple
Camera Model Name : iPhone
Orientation : Horizontal (normal)
X Resolution : 72
Y Resolution : 72
Resolution Unit : inches
Software : 4.0.1
Modify Date : 2010:10:19 14:00:52
Y Cb Cr Positioning : Centered
Exposure Time : 1/146
F Number : 2.4
Exposure Program : Program AE
ISO : 80
Exif Version : 0221
Date/Time Original : 2010:10:19 14:00:52
Create Date : 2010:10:19 14:00:52
Shutter Speed Value : 1/146
Aperture Value : 2.4
Metering Mode : Average
Flash : Off, Did not fire
Focal Length : 3.9 mm
Subject Area : 1295 967 699 696
Flashpix Version : 0100
Color Space : sRGB
Exif Image Width : 1296
Exif Image Height : 968
Sensing Method : One-chip color area
Exposure Mode : Auto
White Balance : Auto
Scene Capture Type : Standard
Sharpness : Hard
GPS Latitude Ref : North
GPS Longitude Ref : West
GPS Time Stamp : 14:00:46.81
GPS Img Direction Ref : True North
GPS Img Direction : 32.52336904
Image Width : 1296
Image Height : 968
Encoding Process : Baseline DCT, Huffman coding
Bits Per Sample : 8
Color Components : 3
Y Cb Cr Sub Sampling : YCbCr4:2:0 (2 2)
Aperture : 2.4
GPS Latitude : 45 deg 14' 58.20" N
GPS Longitude : 121 deg 39' 4.80" W
GPS Position : 45 deg 14' 58.20" N, 121 deg 39' 4.80" W
Image Size : 1296x968
Shutter Speed : 1/146
Focal Length : 3.9 mm
Light Value : 10.0