cmemorymemory-managementbsdgetrusage

Units of `ru_maxrss` on BSD?

getrusage returns a struct containing

long ru_maxrss;       /* max resident set size */

What are the units of ru_maxrss, on BSD operating systems? Is this value in bytes, or in kilobytes? By "BSD", I mean FreeBSD, OpenBSD, but not Mac OS X / Darwin.

The FreeBSD man page and OpenBSD man page say the units are in kilobytes:

 ru_maxrss    the maximum resident set size utilized (in kilobytes).

However, I know that on Darwin / Mac OS X, the units are in bytes (even though online man pages claim otherwise), and I have also found some statements online that claim on BSD ru_maxrss is also returned in bytes (see e.g. here). Which is correct?

Solution

  • On FreeBSD it's in kilobytes, as evidenced by the source in kern_clock.c:

    /* Update resource usage integrals and maximums. */
MPASS(p->p_vmspace != NULL);
vm = p->p_vmspace;
ru = &td->td_ru;
ru->ru_ixrss += pgtok(vm->vm_tsize) * cnt;
ru->ru_idrss += pgtok(vm->vm_dsize) * cnt;
ru->ru_isrss += pgtok(vm->vm_ssize) * cnt;
rss = pgtok(vmspace_resident_count(vm));
if (ru->ru_maxrss < rss)
    ru->ru_maxrss = rss;

    pgtok() computes kb from page size.

    But who would believe the kernel source? Lets run a program:

    $ cat x.c
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
    struct rusage r;

    if (getrusage( RUSAGE_SELF, &r) == 0) {
       printf ("ru_maxrss=%lu\n", (unsigned long)r.ru_maxrss);
    }
    return 0;
}
$ ./a.out
ru_maxrss=5824
$ ./a.out
ru_maxrss=0
$ ./a.out
ru_maxrss=216
$ ./a.out
ru_maxrss=1880

    These numbers aren't multiples of 1024, so can't be bytes.