When some asm.js code with the use asm; directive gets parsed in Firefox, the console will tell me whether it successfully validated and compiled or not. Something like:
Successfully compiled asm.js code
(total compilation time 0ms; not stored in cache (too small to benefit))
Is there a way to get this information in Chrome as well?
Google Chrome doesn't have support for compiling asm.js. It can still run asm.js, like any other Javascript engine, and according to the Wikipedia page for Asm.js, as of Chrome 28, the V8 Javascript engine contains some optimizations to improve asm.js performance, but Chrome doesn't take full advantage of asm.js the same way Firefox does.
According to this Chromium issue tracking page and this official Chrome page, it looks like the plan for Chrome is to skip asm.js support entirely and support WebAssembly in a future version.