A mobile website can be customized to allow users to share a pre-filled message in WhatsApp to a manually chosen contact. As given here it is done using Custom URL Scheme. An example:
<a href="whatsapp://send?text=Hello%20World!">Hello, world!</a>
To call a particular number we use:
<a href="tel:0123456789">Call</a>
Similarly, can we send a WhatsApp message to a specific number (or at least open the chat) without user choosing the phone number manually rather it will be one of the predefined parameters/attribute values?
Format to send a WhatsApp message to a specific number (updated Nov 2018)
<a href="https://wa.me/whatsappphonenumber/?text=urlencodedtext"></a>
where
whatsappphonenumber is a full phone number in international format
urlencodedtext is the URL-encoded pre-filled message.
Create a link with a pre-filled message that will automatically appear in the text field of a chat, to be sent to a specific number
Send I am interested in your car for sale to +001-(555)1234567
https://wa.me/15551234567?text=I%20am%20interested%20in%20your%20car%20for%20sale
Note :
Use: https://wa.me/15551234567
Don't use: https://wa.me/+001-(555)1234567
Create a link with just a pre-filled message that will automatically appear in the text field of a chat, number will be chosen by the user
Send I am enquiring about the apartment listing
https://wa.me/?text=I%20am%20enquiring%20about%20the%20apartment%20listing
After clicking on the link, user will be shown a list of contacts they can send the pre-filled message to.
For more information, see https://www.whatsapp.com/faq/en/general/26000030
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P.S : Older format (before updation) for reference
<a href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=whatsappphonenumber&text=urlencodedtext"></a>