On Debian Mate, Visual Studio Code renders fonts badly

Since a few days ago, Visual Studio Code badly displays fonts. I'm currently under Debian Buster with Mate as the desktop environment. As I don't know how to correctly describe the display, here are some screenshots (it's particularly visible in the fourth one) :

• File example
• A zoom
• When I open the View menu
• A zoom (again)

Here are the actions I remember having done before noticing the problem :

• Creating a backup with Back In Time (I doubt the problem comes from this one)
• Upgrading from Debian "Stretch" 9 to Debian "Buster" 10
• Installing Firefox Quantum, libfontconfig1, fontconfig-config and libnss3 from Sid (following this site)

And, finally, here are the tests I've made around this problem :

• Using a new desktop environment (KDE Plasma) : the problem does not occur but I'd like to keep Mate
• Changing Mate's window manager (from Marco to OpenBox and awesome) : the problem still occurs
• Removing Visual Studio Code, purging it and be sure that every config file is gone, then reinstalling Code : the problem is still there
• Downgrading Firefox and the other packages mentioned above : still there

The problem came from libfreetype6. Copying the version from the stable release of Debian into /usr/share/code solved the problem. Source