Creating custom column type

I'm creating custom column type, and i was able to implement it on my test site. I want to learn how to add some settings/properties/configurations to this column type (sorry I'm not sure what it is exactly called for reference attaching image here)

I want to add column's settings as in the image in red

You could create Editor Control for a custom Field Type Property, check below official guideline.

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/office/bb802857(v=office.14).aspx

Sample:

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/office/jj126861(v=office.14).aspx