There is TDlib which allows to work with Telegram Client API.
Documentation says that it's possible to use it with almost any language.
I can't imagine myself how I can use it with Node.js
Could you tell me where to start from or provide me with a sample code?
You can probably port one of the examples on their GitHub repos (Python can be an easy one). You needs to learn how to use binary modules with node.
Or you can check one of the 3rd party libraries (eg. https://github.com/k-egor-smirnov/node-tg-native)