I've found the following article that nicely describes how PDB files of project references can be included in the VSIX package: http://www.cazzulino.com/include-pdbs-in-vsix.html.
Now I would like to do the same, but for documentation XML files that are generated by project references. I see that the XML files are already copied to the output directory of the VSIX project, but how can I make sure that they are added to the .VSIX file as well?
Answering my own question:
Apparently there is also a "DocumentationProjectOutputGroup" output group. This output group can then be added to all project references in the following way:
<PropertyGroup>
<DefaultIncludeOutputGroupsInVSIX>
BuiltProjectOutputGroup;
DebugSymbolsProjectOutputGroup;
GetCopyToOutputDirectoryItems;
SatelliteDllsProjectOutputGroup;
BuiltProjectOutputGroupDependencies;
DocumentationProjectOutputGroup;
SatelliteDllsProjectOutputGroupDependencies
</DefaultIncludeOutputGroupsInVSIX>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemDefinitionGroup>
<ProjectReference>
<IncludeOutputGroupsInVSIX>$(DefaultIncludeOutputGroupsInVSIX)</IncludeOutputGroupsInVSIX>
</ProjectReference>
</ItemDefinitionGroup>