pythonnumpyscipycurve-fittingpower-law

Fitting a power law with known exponent and extracting the coefficient in Python


I have a data set that I know fits to a curve of the form:

y = a x² 

and I want to extract the value of a.

What's the best way to go about this in Python (with scipy etc.) ?


Solution

  • Here is a graphical fitter example using scipy's curve_fit():

    import numpy, scipy, matplotlib
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    from scipy.optimize import curve_fit
    
    xData = numpy.array([1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.0, 6.6, 7.7])
    yData = numpy.array([1.1, 20.2, 30.3, 60.4, 50.0, 60.6, 70.7])
    
    
    def func(x, a):
        return (a * numpy.square(x))
    
    
    # same as the scipy default
    initialParameters = numpy.array([1.0])
    
    # curve fit the test data
    fittedParameters, pcov = curve_fit(func, xData, yData, initialParameters)
    
    modelPredictions = func(xData, *fittedParameters) 
    
    absError = modelPredictions - yData
    
    SE = numpy.square(absError) # squared errors
    MSE = numpy.mean(SE) # mean squared errors
    RMSE = numpy.sqrt(MSE) # Root Mean Squared Error, RMSE
    Rsquared = 1.0 - (numpy.var(absError) / numpy.var(yData))
    
    print('Parameters:', fittedParameters)
    print('RMSE:', RMSE)
    print('R-squared:', Rsquared)
    
    print()
    
    
    ##########################################################
    # graphics output section
    def ModelAndScatterPlot(graphWidth, graphHeight):
        f = plt.figure(figsize=(graphWidth/100.0, graphHeight/100.0), dpi=100)
        axes = f.add_subplot(111)
    
        # first the raw data as a scatter plot
        axes.plot(xData, yData,  'D')
    
        # create data for the fitted equation plot
        xModel = numpy.linspace(min(xData), max(xData))
        yModel = func(xModel, *fittedParameters)
    
        # now the model as a line plot
        axes.plot(xModel, yModel)
    
        axes.set_xlabel('X Data') # X axis data label
        axes.set_ylabel('Y Data') # Y axis data label
    
        plt.show()
        plt.close('all') # clean up after using pyplot
    
    graphWidth = 800
    graphHeight = 600
    ModelAndScatterPlot(graphWidth, graphHeight)