I am trying to transfer data between a chess board (see attached pic) and a cordova based Android chess game(lichess). Both the devices will be connected via USB cable. Is it possible that a cordova app for android can have access to the USB controller APIs of the android device and communicate via it with the microcontroller?
p.s - i am new to cordova apps so my confusion can an app build with cordova interact with device hardware/sensors.
To do what you're trying to do you will have to use a plugin to provide the USB communication capability. Either you can build your own plugin and code your functions in java (for that I suggest you have a look at how existing plugins are made and read some online tutorials like this one for example)
Or you can find an existing plugin that would allow to do what you need.
I found for example two projects about usb communication: