Background:
I know of quite a few large scale systems, especially in e-commerce domain where distributed transactions are used along with eventual consistency.
Question:
Is it possible to have a distributed transaction (over two networked resources) with strong consistency guarantees. I keep hearing/reading about it in theory (using 2 phase commits), but have never had a chance to come across one such system.
Or it is not at all possible to achieve it at all ? Any insights/relevant article appreciated.
Right away I can suggest at least two modern distributed databases that fit your requirements: TiKV and CocroachDB. Both of them are CP systems (in terms of CAP theorem) both support ACID, both use two-phase commit algorithms for distributed transactions. It also possible to set up two-phase commits within PostgreSQL. And I believe there are much more databases that support distributed transactions while preserving strong consistency guarantees.
As I know, there are not too much options for distributed strong consistent database design: you may use either two-phase commit (or its variations like three-phase commit), or distributed consensus algorithms like Raft. I would suggest you to read a comprehensive guide by Martin Kleppman.