I want all of the functions in my module to default to $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'. Is it possible without modifying all the functions?
I have a file per function.
Assuming that your module is a script module, i.e., implemented in PowerShell code:
Important:
Modules have their own stack of scopes that is independent of the scopes of non-module code (and other modules'). While this provides isolation from the caller's environment that is generally useful, it also means that the caller's $ErrorActionPreference value never takes effect for script-module functions (unless you directly run from the global scope, which modules also see) - but it does take effect for binary (compiled) cmdlets. This highly problematic behavior is discussed in GitHub issue #4568.
Even though you therefore currently cannot control a script module's error behavior from the caller by way of $ErrorActionPreference, by setting (overriding) $ErrorActionPreference in your module you're closing that door permanently.
However, using the -ErrorAction common parameter for a specific call instead of the $ErrorActionPreference preference variable will still override your module-global $ErrorActionPreference value, because, behind the scenes, PowerShell translates the -ErrorAction argument to a function-local $ErrorActionPreference variable with that value.
The -ErrorAction and $ErrorActionPreference mechanisms are plagued by inconsistencies and obscure behaviors - GitHub docs issue #1583 provides a comprehensive overview of PowerShell's error handling.
I want all of the functions in my module to default to
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'. Is it possible without modifying all the functions?
Yes - simply place $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' in your RootModule *.psm1 file's top-level code. (The RootModule entry of a module's manifest file (*.psd1) specifies a module's main module - see the docs).
RootModule entry that references a .psm1 file, simply create a .psm1 file in your module folder (typically named for the enclosing module) with content $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop', and reference it from the RootModule entry - see this answer for background information.Unless overridden by the caller by using the common -ErrorAction parameter when calling your module's functions (assuming they are advanced functions), your module's top-level $ErrorActionPreference value will be in effect for all of your module's functions, except if your function directly emits a statement-terminating error[1], in which case it is the caller's $ErrorActionPreference value that matters.
If your module is a binary module, i.e., exports compiled cmdlets (typically implemented in C#):
Compiled cmdlets don't have their own scope - they run in the caller's scope. It is therefore the caller's $ErrorActionPreference that matters, which can be overridden on a per-call basis with common parameter -ErrorAction, but only for non-terminating errors.
As with advanced functions in script modules, directly emitted statement-terminating errors[1] are always subject to the caller's $ErrorActionPreference value, even if -ErrorAction is used. (Note that binary cmdlets do not emit script-terminating errors).
[1] Statement-terminating errors occur in the following scenarios:
Directly, to abort execution of the enclosing cmdlet or advanced function/script:
When a binary cmdlet encounters a severe error that prevents it from continuing, it reports such an error with the ThrowTerminatingError() method (or just throws an exception).
An advanced PowerShell function/script would similarly have to use $PSCmdlet.ThrowTerminatingError(), which, however, is rare in practice; the typically used Throw statement creates a script-terminating (fatal) error instead, which by default also terminates the entire runspace (thread), i.e., also terminates the caller and all its callers.
Indirectly, in PowerShell code:
When an expression causes a runtime error, such as 1 / 0 or 'a,b' -split ',', 'NotAnInt'.
When a .NET method call throws an exception, such as [int]::Parse('NotAnInt')
When, inside an advanced function/script, another cmdlet or advanced function / script is called that itself directly emits a statement-terminating error.
Note that advanced functions/scripts cannot relay statement-terminating errors as such:
By default (with $ErrorActionPreference containing 'Continue', possibly just in the local scope) the expression's / other command's terminating error effectively becomes a non-terminating error from the caller's perspective.
With $ErrorActionPreference set to 'Stop', the originally statement-terminating error is promoted to a script-terminating error.