I checked using JMeter 5.2.1 the connection properties feature with oracle
Bug 63926 - JDBC Connection Configuration: Add ability to set connection properties
But even if I give wrong values in Oracle connection options as
user=notexists;internal_logon=irrelevant
JDBC request is executing normal, meaning it didn't use the wrong connection properties
JMeter uses dbcp2's BasicDataSource connection properties, but it seems to be ignoring when sending JDBC queries
I just tried it in 5.2.1 oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver from ojdbc10.jar downloaded from OTN and it works ok (it takes the properties). In the "JDBC Connection Configuration", did you set the "JDBC Driver Class" as "oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver". You also need to add ojdbc10.jar in JMETER_HOME/lib/ext.