I am getting below error when trying to start the tomcat using systemd service
systemd[1]: tomcat.service: Failed to execute command: Permission denied
systemd[1]: tomcat.service: Failed at step EXEC spawning /opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh: Permission denied
Below is my tomcat.service configuration
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat
Environment='CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC'
Environment='JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.awt.headless=true -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom'
ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/bin/kill -15 $MAINPID
User=tomcat
Group=tomcat
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
These are my permission on files in the bin directory
drwxrwx---. 2 tomcat tomcat 4096 Mar 22 05:56 .
drwx------. 9 tomcat tomcat 276 Mar 22 05:58 ..
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 35071 Mar 11 09:33 bootstrap.jar
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 15953 Mar 11 09:33 catalina.bat
-rwxr-x--x. 1 tomcat tomcat 23792 Mar 11 09:33 catalina.sh
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 1664 Mar 11 09:36 catalina-tasks.xml
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 2123 Mar 11 09:33 ciphers.bat
-rwxr-x--x. 1 tomcat tomcat 1997 Mar 11 09:33 ciphers.sh
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 25197 Mar 11 09:33 commons-daemon.jar
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 206895 Mar 11 09:33 commons-daemon-native.tar.gz
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 2040 Mar 11 09:33 configtest.bat
-rwxr-x--x. 1 tomcat tomcat 1922 Mar 11 09:33 configtest.sh
-rwxr-x--x. 1 tomcat tomcat 8675 Mar 11 09:33 daemon.sh
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 2091 Mar 11 09:33 digest.bat
-rwxr-x--x. 1 tomcat tomcat 1965 Mar 11 09:33 digest.sh
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 3606 Mar 11 09:33 makebase.bat
-rwxr-x--x. 1 tomcat tomcat 3382 Mar 11 09:33 makebase.sh
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 3460 Mar 11 09:33 setclasspath.bat
-rwxr-x--x. 1 tomcat tomcat 3708 Mar 11 09:33 setclasspath.sh
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 2020 Mar 11 09:33 shutdown.bat
-rwxr-x--x. 1 tomcat tomcat 1902 Mar 11 09:33 shutdown.sh
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 2022 Mar 11 09:33 startup.bat
-rwxr-x--x. 1 tomcat tomcat 1904 Mar 11 09:33 startup.sh
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 49372 Mar 11 09:33 tomcat-juli.jar
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 419428 Mar 11 09:33 tomcat-native.tar.gz
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 4574 Mar 11 09:33 tool-wrapper.bat
NOTE: I am able to start the tomcat using sudo ./startup.sh command by navigating to bin directory
Can you check your /opt and /opt/bin permissions
Looks like
chmod a+rx /opt /opt/tomcat/ /opt/tomcat/bin
should help