pythonoptimizationjob-schedulingor-toolscp-sat

Ortools - Jobshop - Modify tasks duration based on their rank on a machine


I am working with a variant of the job shop problem where I wish to modify the task duration based on their assignment/rank in the machine schedule.

e.g. a simple case would be that the first task assigned on the machine will take 50% longer to complete.

A more general case would be that every nth task on a machine would require X% longer.

I have read about channelling constraints but I am not sure how to implement them in this scenario or if there are other better alternatives. Any direction would be much appreciated.

Below is the code I am using from or tools documentation for the job shop problem.

from __future__ import print_function

import collections

# Import Python wrapper for or-tools CP-SAT solver.
from ortools.sat.python import cp_model

def MinimalJobshopSat():
    """Minimal jobshop problem."""
    # Create the model.
    model = cp_model.CpModel()

    
    jobs_data = [  # task = (machine_id, processing_time).
        [(2, 1), (0, 1), (1, 1)],  # Job0
        [(0, 1), (1, 1)],  # Job1
        [(1, 1), (2, 1)]  # Job2
    ]
    
    machines_count = 1 + max(task[0] for job in jobs_data for task in job)
    all_machines = range(machines_count)
    
    # Computes horizon dynamically as the sum of all durations.
    horizon = sum(task[1] for job in jobs_data for task in job)
    
    # Named tuple to store information about created variables.
    task_type = collections.namedtuple('task_type', 'start end interval')
    # Named tuple to manipulate solution information.
    assigned_task_type = collections.namedtuple('assigned_task_type',
                                                'start job index duration')
    
    # Creates job intervals and add to the corresponding machine lists.
    all_tasks = {}
    machine_to_intervals = collections.defaultdict(list)
    
    for job_id, job in enumerate(jobs_data):
        for task_id, task in enumerate(job):
            machine = task[0]
            duration = task[1]
            suffix = '_%i_%i' % (job_id, task_id)
            start_var = model.NewIntVar(0, horizon, 'start' + suffix)
            end_var = model.NewIntVar(0, horizon, 'end' + suffix)
            interval_var = model.NewIntervalVar(start_var, duration, end_var,
                                                'interval' + suffix)
            all_tasks[job_id, task_id] = task_type(
                start=start_var, end=end_var, interval=interval_var)
            machine_to_intervals[machine].append(interval_var)
    
    # Create and add disjunctive constraints.
    for machine in all_machines:
        model.AddNoOverlap(machine_to_intervals[machine])
    
    # # Precedences inside a job.
    # Change constraint to only respect the project start date i.e. the first dummy task
    for job_id, job in enumerate(jobs_data):
        for task_id in range(len(job) - 1):
            model.Add(all_tasks[job_id, task_id + 1].start >= all_tasks[job_id, task_id].end)

The modified output we would expect for this case would be the following, where the duration of the first task on each machine is increased by 50%

Optimal Schedule Length: 4
Machine 0: job_1_0   job_0_1   
           [0,2]     [2,3]     
Machine 1: job_2_0   job_0_2   job_1_1   
           [0,2]     [2,3]     [3,4]     
Machine 2: job_0_0   job_2_1   
           [0,2]     [2,3]    

Solution

  • Look at this constraint, it creates a circuit constraint that does the transitive reduction of precedences into a sequence of tasks.

    Now you can use the start literal of each task to imply the correct duration

    model.Add(duration[i] == int(nominal_duration * 1.5)).OnlyEnforceIf(start_lit)
    model.Add(duration[i] == nominal_duration).OnlyEnforceIf(start_lit.Not())