I'm trying to connect two Arduino device to the raspberry pi using the csr 4.0 dongle. I've tried python3 and bluepy, but always one of them failed to connect! I've also tried to connect to them using bluetoothctl at the same time, but I got this:
Failed to connect: org.bluez.Error.Failed
Due to the BLE protocol it should be possible to connect multiple devices! both csr 4.0 dongle and HC-08 are BLE devices! why i keep getting this error?!
adding logs for debugging as the @ukBaz said
for bluetoothctl version:
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ bluetoothctl
[bluetooth]# version
Version 5.43
for service bluetooth status:
● bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-09-14 18:49:08 +0430; 14h ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Process: 269 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/sdptool add SP (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 264 (bluetoothd)
Status: "Running"
Memory: 3.2M
CPU: 832ms
CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
└─264 /usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd -C
Sep 14 18:49:08 raspberrypi bluetoothd[264]: Bluetooth management interface 1.14 initialized
Sep 14 18:49:08 raspberrypi bluetoothd[264]: Failed to obtain handles for "Service Changed" characteristic
Sep 14 18:49:08 raspberrypi bluetoothd[264]: Sap driver initialization failed.
Sep 14 18:49:08 raspberrypi bluetoothd[264]: sap-server: Operation not permitted (1)
Sep 14 18:49:08 raspberrypi sdptool[269]: Serial Port service registered
Sep 14 18:49:08 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 14 19:08:24 raspberrypi bluetoothd[264]: Unable pair since another pairing is in progress
Sep 14 19:09:43 raspberrypi bluetoothd[264]: No cache for 00:15:87:10:9A:4E
Sep 14 19:16:59 raspberrypi bluetoothd[264]: No cache for 00:15:87:10:9A:4E
Sep 14 19:17:31 raspberrypi bluetoothd[264]: No cache for 00:15:87:10:9A:4E
for sudo btmon -t:
Bluetooth monitor ver 5.43
= Note: Linux version 4.19.66+ (armv6l) 09:25:32.554465
= Note: Bluetooth subsystem version 2.22 09:25:32.554485
= New Index: 00:1A:7D:DA:71:10 (Primary,USB,hci0) [hci0] 09:25:32.554491
= Open Index: 00:1A:7D:DA:71:10 [hci0] 09:25:32.554495
= Index Info: 00:1A:7D:DA:71:10 (Cambridge Silicon Radio) [hci0] 09:25:32.554502
@ MGMT Open: bluetoothd (privileged) version 1.14 {0x0001} 09:25:32.554510
@ MGMT Open: btmon (privileged) version 1.14 {0x0002} 09:25:32.554755
< HCI Command: LE Add Device To White List (0x08|0x0011) plen 7 [hci0] 09:26:08.930803
Address type: Public (0x00)
Address: A8:E2:C1:76:6A:B8 (OUI A8-E2-C1)
> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:08.934471
LE Add Device To White List (0x08|0x0011) ncmd 1
Status: Success (0x00)
< HCI Command: LE Set Scan Parameters (0x08|0x000b) plen 7 [hci0] 09:26:08.934746
Type: Passive (0x00)
Interval: 60.000 msec (0x0060)
Window: 30.000 msec (0x0030)
Own address type: Public (0x00)
Filter policy: Ignore not in white list (0x01)
> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:08.936466
LE Set Scan Parameters (0x08|0x000b) ncmd 1
Status: Success (0x00)
< HCI Command: LE Set Scan Enable (0x08|0x000c) plen 2 [hci0] 09:26:08.937163
Scanning: Enabled (0x01)
Filter duplicates: Enabled (0x01)
> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:08.944467
LE Set Scan Enable (0x08|0x000c) ncmd 1
Status: Success (0x00)
> HCI Event: LE Meta Event (0x3e) plen 43 [hci0] 09:26:09.007422
LE Advertising Report (0x02)
Num reports: 1
Event type: Connectable undirected - ADV_IND (0x00)
Address type: Public (0x00)
Address: A8:E2:C1:76:6A:B8 (OUI A8-E2-C1)
Data length: 31
Flags: 0x06
LE General Discoverable Mode
BR/EDR Not Supported
16-bit Service UUIDs (partial): 1 entry
Unknown (0xfff0)
Company: not assigned (17224)
Data: 2d30380000000000000000000000000000000000
RSSI: 0 dBm (0x00)
< HCI Command: LE Set Scan Enable (0x08|0x000c) plen 2 [hci0] 09:26:09.007649
Scanning: Disabled (0x00)
Filter duplicates: Disabled (0x00)
> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:09.010459
LE Set Scan Enable (0x08|0x000c) ncmd 1
Status: Success (0x00)
< HCI Command: LE Create Connection (0x08|0x000d) plen 25 [hci0] 09:26:09.010832
Scan interval: 60.000 msec (0x0060)
Scan window: 60.000 msec (0x0060)
Filter policy: White list is not used (0x00)
Peer address type: Public (0x00)
Peer address: A8:E2:C1:76:6A:B8 (OUI A8-E2-C1)
Own address type: Public (0x00)
Min connection interval: 30.00 msec (0x0018)
Max connection interval: 50.00 msec (0x0028)
Connection latency: 0x0000
Supervision timeout: 420 msec (0x002a)
Min connection length: 0.000 msec (0x0000)
Max connection length: 0.000 msec (0x0000)
> HCI Event: Command Status (0x0f) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:09.019534
LE Create Connection (0x08|0x000d) ncmd 1
Status: Success (0x00)
> HCI Event: LE Meta Event (0x3e) plen 19 [hci0] 09:26:09.221422
LE Connection Complete (0x01)
Status: Success (0x00)
Handle: 1
Role: Master (0x00)
Peer address type: Public (0x00)
Peer address: A8:E2:C1:76:6A:B8 (OUI A8-E2-C1)
Connection interval: 50.00 msec (0x0028)
Connection latency: 0.00 msec (0x0000)
Supervision timeout: 420 msec (0x002a)
Master clock accuracy: 0x00
@ MGMT Event: Device Connected (0x000b) plen 44 {0x0002} [hci0] 09:26:09.221713
LE Address: A8:E2:C1:76:6A:B8 (OUI A8-E2-C1)
Flags: 0x00000000
Data length: 31
Flags: 0x06
LE General Discoverable Mode
BR/EDR Not Supported
16-bit Service UUIDs (partial): 1 entry
Unknown (0xfff0)
Company: not assigned (17224)
Data: 2d30380000000000000000000000000000000000
@ MGMT Event: Device Connected (0x000b) plen 44 {0x0001} [hci0] 09:26:09.221713
LE Address: A8:E2:C1:76:6A:B8 (OUI A8-E2-C1)
Flags: 0x00000000
Data length: 31
Flags: 0x06
LE General Discoverable Mode
BR/EDR Not Supported
16-bit Service UUIDs (partial): 1 entry
Unknown (0xfff0)
Company: not assigned (17224)
Data: 2d30380000000000000000000000000000000000
< HCI Command: LE Read Remote Used Features (0x08|0x0016) plen 2 [hci0] 09:26:09.229846
Handle: 1
> HCI Event: Command Status (0x0f) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:09.232463
LE Read Remote Used Features (0x08|0x0016) ncmd 1
Status: Success (0x00)
< HCI Command: LE Remove Device From White List (0x08|0x0012) plen 7 [hci0] 09:26:09.232668
Address type: Public (0x00)
Address: A8:E2:C1:76:6A:B8 (OUI A8-E2-C1)
> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:09.235453
LE Remove Device From White List (0x08|0x0012) ncmd 1
Status: Success (0x00)
< HCI Command: LE Set Scan Parameters (0x08|0x000b) plen 7 [hci0] 09:26:09.235831
Type: Passive (0x00)
Interval: 60.000 msec (0x0060)
Window: 30.000 msec (0x0030)
Own address type: Public (0x00)
Filter policy: Ignore not in white list (0x01)
> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:09.237589
LE Set Scan Parameters (0x08|0x000b) ncmd 1
Status: Success (0x00)
< HCI Command: LE Set Scan Enable (0x08|0x000c) plen 2 [hci0] 09:26:09.237989
Scanning: Enabled (0x01)
Filter duplicates: Enabled (0x01)
> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:09.240489
LE Set Scan Enable (0x08|0x000c) ncmd 1
Status: Command Disallowed (0x0c)
> HCI Event: LE Meta Event (0x3e) plen 12 [hci0] 09:26:09.311465
LE Read Remote Used Features (0x04)
Status: Success (0x00)
Handle: 1
Features: 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
LE Encryption
< ACL Data TX: Handle 1 flags 0x00 dlen 7 [hci0] 09:26:09.357158
ATT: Exchange MTU Request (0x02) len 2
Client RX MTU: 517
< HCI Command: LE Set Scan Parameters (0x08|0x000b) plen 7 [hci0] 09:26:09.374549
Type: Passive (0x00)
Interval: 60.000 msec (0x0060)
Window: 30.000 msec (0x0030)
Own address type: Public (0x00)
Filter policy: Ignore not in white list (0x01)
> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:09.376446
LE Set Scan Parameters (0x08|0x000b) ncmd 1
Status: Success (0x00)
< HCI Command: LE Set Scan Enable (0x08|0x000c) plen 2 [hci0] 09:26:09.376660
Scanning: Enabled (0x01)
Filter duplicates: Enabled (0x01)
> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 4 [hci0] 09:26:09.378464
LE Set Scan Enable (0x08|0x000c) ncmd 1
Status: Command Disallowed (0x0c)
@ MGMT Event: Connect Failed (0x000d) plen 8 {0x0002} [hci0] 09:26:09.379025
LE Address: 00:15:87:10:9A:4E (Takenaka Seisakusho Co.,Ltd)
Status: Busy (0x0a)
@ MGMT Event: Connect Failed (0x000d) plen 8 {0x0001} [hci0] 09:26:09.379025
LE Address: 00:15:87:10:9A:4E (Takenaka Seisakusho Co.,Ltd)
Status: Busy (0x0a)
< HCI Command: LE Set Scan Parameters (0x08|0x000b) plen 7
It should be possible to connect to BLE devices to your Raspberry Pi at the same time. You mention about the CSR 4.0 dongle so your setup might vary from a typical setup because you have two adapters?
I suspect if you listed your Bluez service you will have hci0 and hci1 representing the inbuilt adapter and the CSR dongle. In the list will also be the devices that you have paired with. You will need to use the correct hci path for the devices you want to connect to
pi@raspberrypi:~/stack_overflow $ busctl tree org.bluez
└─/org
└─/org/bluez
├─/org/bluez/hci0
├─/org/bluez/hci1
│ ├─/org/bluez/hci1/dev_DC_DB_16_6B_8C_5F
│ └─/org/bluez/hci1/dev_DE_82_35_E7_43_BE
└─/org/bluez/test
You can see more details on the adapter with the following command:
pi@raspberrypi:~/stack_overflow $ busctl introspect org.bluez /org/bluez/hci1 org.bluez.Adapter1
NAME TYPE SIGNATURE RESULT/VALUE FLAGS
.ConnectDevice method a{sv} - -
.GetDiscoveryFilters method - as -
.RemoveDevice method o - -
.SetDiscoveryFilter method a{sv} - -
.StartDiscovery method - - -
.StopDiscovery method - - -
.Address property s "00:02:5B:03:44:07" emits-change
.AddressType property s "public" emits-change
.Alias property s "raspberrypi #2" emits-change writable
.Class property u 4718592 emits-change
.Discoverable property b false emits-change writable
.DiscoverableTimeout property u 180 emits-change writable
.Discovering property b false emits-change
.Modalias property s "usb:v1D6Bp0246d0532" emits-change
.Name property s "raspberrypi #2" emits-change
.Pairable property b true emits-change writable
.PairableTimeout property u 0 emits-change writable
.Powered property b true emits-change writable
.UUIDs property as 9 "00001112-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb… emits-change
You can list the adapters (but not the paths) in bluetootctl:
pi@raspberrypi:~/stack_overflow $ bluetoothctl list
Controller 00:02:5B:03:44:07 raspberrypi #2 [default]
Controller B8:27:EB:22:57:E0 SeeMe
For controlling BlueZ from Python I use the pydbus library. Assuming your devices are on hci1 then the following code should work (assuming you have paired with the devices already).
If your devices are on hci0 then you will need to modify the device path.
from signal import pause
import pydbus
DEVICE_ADDR_1 = 'DE:82:35:E7:43:BE'
DEVICE_ADDR_2 = 'DC:DB:16:6B:8C:5F'
# DBus object paths
BLUEZ_SERVICE = 'org.bluez'
ADAPTER_PATH = '/org/bluez/hci1' # Is your CSR dongle this path?
dev1_path = f"{ADAPTER_PATH}/dev_{DEVICE_ADDR_1.replace(':', '_')}"
dev2_path = f"{ADAPTER_PATH}/dev_{DEVICE_ADDR_2.replace(':', '_')}"
# setup dbus
bus = pydbus.SystemBus()
adapter = bus.get(BLUEZ_SERVICE, ADAPTER_PATH)
device_1 = bus.get(BLUEZ_SERVICE, dev1_path)
device_2 = bus.get(BLUEZ_SERVICE, dev2_path)
try:
device_1.Connect()
device_2.Connect()
print('Connected...')
pause()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print('Disconnecting...')
device_1.Disconnect()
device_2.Disconnect()
Very occasionally I got the the following error reported when trying to conenct:
pi@raspberrypi:~/stack_overflow $ python3 multi_adapters.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "multi_adapters.py", line 20, in <module>
device_1.Connect()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/pydbus/proxy_method.py", line 75, in __call__
0, timeout_to_glib(timeout), None).unpack()
gi.repository.GLib.Error: g-io-error-quark: GDBus.Error:org.bluez.Error.Failed: Input/output error (36)