I read about "random" and it got me thinking about helping my kid in reading and writing by making a program where a word is shown and she needs to type it. Because it's a small program I could do it quite easliy with procedural programming, but to make it more 'attractive' to her I decided to fool around with tkinter.
Tkinter forces to create functions which can be called through 'command' and now I have a problem.. If I run the check() function, it doesn't get the variables from the dictee() function. I found several answer from nesting a function in a function (undefined variable problems), or passing arguments with return (ended up in recursion), using global (the list of words wouldn't empty) etc etc.. I couldn't get any of them working... I've been looking for answers, but I can't find the correct solution.. Anyone care to shed their light?
Thanks!
"""import nescessary."""
import sys
import random
def main():
"""Setting up the game"""
print("Aliyahs reading game.'\n")
begin = input("do you want to start? yes or no.\n\n")
if begin == "yes":
dictee()
def dictee():
"""Show random words and ask for input."""
words_correct = 0
words_wrong = 0
vocabulary = ['kip', 'hok', 'bal', 'muis', 'gat'
]
words_passed = []
while True:
if vocabulary == []:
print("\n\nThose were all the words.")
print("Words correct: %d" % words_correct)
print("words wrong: %d" % words_wrong)
one_more_time = input("Do you want to go again? yes or no")
if one_more_time == "no":
print("See you next time.")
input("\nPush enter to close.")
sys.exit()
else:
main()
word = random.choice(vocabulary)
print('\x1b[2J')
print("{}".format(word))
print("\n\n")
words_passed.append("{}".format(word))
vocabulary.remove("{}".format(word))
answer = input("Write the word you saw:\n\n")
check()
def check():
'''Cross check word shown with answer given'''
if answer == word:
print("Nice")
words_correct += 1
else:
print("2bad")
words_wrong += 1
try_again = input("\n\nContinue? yes or no\n ")
if try_again.lower() == "no":
exit_game()
else:
dictee()
def exit_game():
'''summarize results and exit after pushing enter'''
print("Words correct: %d" % words_correct)
print("Words wrong: %d" % words_wrong)
input("\nPress Enter to exit.")
sys.exit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
I've just made few changes here, and run it and got no errors because I don't know what to type in order to get the right results. Anyways all the changes are related to global and redefinition of values.
# say these outside all the functions, in the main block
words_correct = 0
words_wrong = 0
vocabulary = ['kip', 'hok', 'bal', 'muis', 'gat']
words_passed = []
def dictee():
global word, answer
..... #same bunch of codes
def check():
global answer, words_correct, words_wrong
.... #same bunch of codes
Why do we have to say global? Basically because when we define variables they either get defined on local scope or global scope, variables defined on main block(outside of all function) are on global scope, while inside functions are on local scope. Variables defined on global scope can be accessed anywhere and that on local can only be accessed from within where its defined.
Where do we have to use global? We say global where we define the variable or we redefine, or at least this is what I know of. We need to say global where we declare the variable, like, a = 'good', we also need to say global if we are changing it, a = 'bad' or a += 'day' because we are assigning a new value to it. Using global outside of all functions, on the main block, is useless.
Why are we declaring words_correct and words_wrong outside all functions? It is simply because if you declare and set its value to 0 inside dictee(), each time the function is run the value of those variables will change to 0, which means score will always be 0 or 1, so we define it once only, in the main block. Same logic applies to the two lists (vocabulary and words_passed), each time function runs they reset the list to the full list of words, so to get rid of that, just define it once in the main block.
I also think using parameters here might need re-structuring of your code as you're calling both functions from each other.
Note that we only say global on functions, out side functions all defined variables are open to global scope and can be accessed from anywhere in the code.
PS: This is just my understanding of global over the span of 4 months, do correct me if I'm wrong anywhere.