matlabwatermarkdct

How to do watermarking in the Frequency Domain?


I am new in Matlab and I have an assignment that is asking for watermarking an image using DCT transform:

  • Read Lin.jpg color image and apply DCT.
  • Threshold the logo.jpg (watermark) into binary and ten times of its strength, and then add it to the coefficient of transformed Lin image.

Here are the two images:

enter image description here enter image description here

I have three questions:

  1. Am I supposed to divide Lin.jpg into 8x8 blocks and logo.jpg into 2x2 blocks or that is not necessary?
  2. what does it mean by: "ten times of its strength"? Is that just multiplying by 10?
  3. How can I get the coefficient of transformed Lin.jpg image?

Here is what I tried:

img = imread('Lin.jpg');
wImg = imread('njit_logo.jpg');

wImgBinary = imbinarize(wImg) * 10;
[rows, cols] = size(img(:,:,1));
[Wrows, Wcols] = size(wImgBinary);

% make the watermark image as large as the original
watermark = zeros(size(img), 'uint8');
for column = 1:cols
    for row = 1:rows
        watermark(row, column) = wImgBinary(mod(row,Wrows)+1, mod(column,Wcols)+1);
    end
end
watermark = watermark(1:rows, 1:cols);

% apply dct and add with watermark at each channel
for i = 1:3
    imgDct = dct2(img(:,:,i));
    C = imgDct + double(watermark);
    Iw(:,:,i) = round(real(idct2(C)));
end

IIw = uint8(Iw);
figure, imshow(IIw), title('watermarked image');

Solution

  • Watermarking Image by Combining Discrete Cosine Transform Components

    In this case, I found that using a Watermark_Strength (strength factor) of 30 in this example shows more prominent results. A pipeline for adding a watermark is as follows:

    • Zeropad the watermark image to match the size of the image to be watermarked using the padarray() function or alternatively enlarge the image.
    • Split the image and watermark image to their RGB channels/components.
    • Take the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) of all the colour channels using the dct2() function.
    • Multiply the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) components of the watermarked image by a strength factor.
    • Add the corresponding Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) components based on colour channel.
    • Take the inverse of 3 resultant Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) components using the idct2() function.
    • Combine the inversed components to create the watermarked image in the spatial domain.

    Watermarked Image

    Image = imread('Lin.jpg');
    Watermark = imread('njit_logo.jpg');
    
    %Grabbing the image and watermark dimensions%
    [Image_Height,Image_Width,~] = size(Image);
    [Watermark_Height,Watermark_Width,~] = size(Watermark);
    
    %Padding the watermark to match the size of the image to be watermarked%
    Side_Padding = (Image_Width - Watermark_Width)/2;
    Top_And_Bottom_Padding = (Image_Height - Watermark_Height)/2;
    Watermark_Padded = padarray(Watermark,[Top_And_Bottom_Padding Side_Padding],0,'both');
    
    %Binary image of watermark%
    Watermark_Binary = imbinarize(Watermark_Padded);
    
    %Converting the watermark image to frequency domain using DCT%
    Watermark_Strength = 30;
    Red_Channel_Watermark_DCT = Watermark_Strength*dct2(Watermark_Binary(:,:,1));
    Blue_Channel_Watermark_DCT = Watermark_Strength*dct2(Watermark_Binary(:,:,2));
    Green_Channel_Watermark_DCT = Watermark_Strength*dct2(Watermark_Binary(:,:,3));
    
    %Converting the image to frequency domain using DCT%
    Red_Channel_Image_DCT = dct2(Image(:,:,1));
    Blue_Channel_Image_DCT = dct2(Image(:,:,2));
    Green_Channel_Image_DCT = dct2(Image(:,:,3));
    
    %Adding the frequency components together%
    Combined_Red_Channel = Red_Channel_Watermark_DCT + Red_Channel_Image_DCT;
    Combined_Blue_Channel = Blue_Channel_Watermark_DCT + Blue_Channel_Image_DCT;
    Combined_Green_Channel = Green_Channel_Watermark_DCT + Green_Channel_Image_DCT;
    
    %Inversing the combined frequency domain image%
    Combined_Image(:,:,1) = idct2(real(Combined_Red_Channel));
    Combined_Image(:,:,2) = idct2(real(Combined_Blue_Channel));
    Combined_Image(:,:,3) = idct2(real(Combined_Green_Channel));
    
    %Displaying combined image%
    Combined_Image = uint8(Combined_Image);
    imshow(Combined_Image);
    

    Ran using MATLAB R2019b