This is my flask script which takes in submissions from a HTML form and sends it to Contentful:
from flask import Flask, request, render_template
import os
from .extensions import register_extensions, assets
from contentful_management import Client
import uuid
import random
atoken = os.environ.get("ACCESS_TOKEN")
space = os.environ.get("SPACE_ID")
def create_app():
app = Flask(__name__)
assets._named_bundles = {}
register_extensions(app)
@app.route("/", methods =["GET", "POST"])
def index():
if request.method == "POST":
# Get User Details
authorname = request.form["name"]
email = request.form["email"]
major = request.form["major"]
tools_list = request.form["tools"]
tools_list = tools_list.split(",")
year_study = request.form["year"]
project_title = request.form["projectname"]
project_description = request.form["projectdescription"]
no_files = request.form["filenumber"]
client = Client(atoken)
# Entry ID Generation
uid = uuid.uuid4().hex[:20]
# File Counter
x = 0
# Array for File IDs
files_array = []
while x < int(no_files):
fieldid = "file" + str(x)
file_name = "filename" + str(x)
fname = request.form[file_name]
asset_id = uuid.uuid4().hex[:20]
files_array.append(asset_id)
uploadmedia = request.files[fieldid]
# Upload File
new_upload = client.uploads(space).create(uploadmedia.stream)
# Upload to Asset
client.assets(space, 'master').create(asset_id,
{
'fields': {
'title': {
'en-US': fname
},
'file': {
'en-US': {
'fileName': file_name,
'contentType': uploadmedia.content_type,
'uploadFrom': new_upload.to_link().to_json()
}
}
}
}
)
# Process and Publish Asset
asset = client.assets(space, 'master').find(asset_id)
asset.process()
asset.publish()
x = x + 1
# Generate ID List
ids = []
for asset_id in files_array:
y = asset_id
x = {"sys": {"type": "Link", "linkType": "Asset", "id": y}}
ids.append(x)
# Create an Entry:
entry_id = uid
entry = client.entries(space, 'master').create(entry_id, {
'content_type_id': 'portfolio',
"fields": {
"name": {
"en-US": project_title,
},
"author": {
"en-US": authorname,
},
"contact": {
"en-US": email,
},
"major": {
"en-US": major,
},
"tools": {
"en-US": tools_list,
},
"year": {
"en-US": year_study,
},
"slug": {
"en-US": project_title,
},
"description": {
"en-US": project_description,
},
"files":{
"en-US" : ids
}
} })
# Update the Entry:
entry.title = project_title
entry.save()
return render_template("index.html") # print(uploadmedia.filename)
return app
This works perfectly locally, and I am able to submit and create entries all in one go. However, when I deployed this app to Heroku, I am getting the following error:
2021-06-16T08:58:55.000000+00:00 app[api]: Build succeeded
2021-06-16T08:58:56.489660+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=POST path="/" host=submission-form.herokuapp.com request_id=cf4e8b77-02a6-4dfc-8780-19339d9138f5 fwd="202.12.82.198" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=1155ms status=500 bytes=244 protocol=https
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485604+00:00 app[web.1]: [2021-06-16 08:58:56 +0000] [8] [ERROR] Error handling request /
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485645+00:00 app[web.1]: Traceback (most recent call last):
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485646+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 134, in handle
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485647+00:00 app[web.1]: self.handle_request(listener, req, client, addr)
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485648+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 175, in handle_request
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485648+00:00 app[web.1]: respiter = self.wsgi(environ, resp.start_response)
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485648+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2088, in __call__
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485649+00:00 app[web.1]: return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485649+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2073, in wsgi_app
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485649+00:00 app[web.1]: response = self.handle_exception(e)
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485650+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2070, in wsgi_app
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485650+00:00 app[web.1]: response = self.full_dispatch_request()
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485650+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1515, in full_dispatch_request
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485651+00:00 app[web.1]: rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485651+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1513, in full_dispatch_request
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485651+00:00 app[web.1]: rv = self.dispatch_request()
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485651+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1499, in dispatch_request
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485652+00:00 app[web.1]: return self.ensure_sync(self.view_functions[rule.endpoint])(**req.view_args)
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485652+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/app/__init__.py", line 69, in index
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485664+00:00 app[web.1]: asset.publish()
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485665+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/contentful_management/resource.py", line 408, in publish
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485665+00:00 app[web.1]: result = self._client._put(
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485665+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/contentful_management/client.py", line 789, in _put
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485666+00:00 app[web.1]: return self._request('put', url, attributes, **kwargs)
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485666+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/contentful_management/client.py", line 757, in _request
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485667+00:00 app[web.1]: raise error
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485667+00:00 app[web.1]: contentful_management.errors.UnprocessableEntityError: HTTP status code: 422
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485667+00:00 app[web.1]: Message: Validation error
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485667+00:00 app[web.1]: Details:
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485668+00:00 app[web.1]: * Name: required - Path: '['fields', 'file', 'en-US', 'url']'
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485668+00:00 app[web.1]: Request ID: dd3048f785c9384dff75db0481cdb730
2021-06-16T08:58:56.485854+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.30.201.120 - - [16/Jun/2021:08:58:56 +0000] "POST / HTTP/1.1" 500 0 "-" "-"
Why is this happening? What does * Name: required - Path: '['fields', 'file', 'en-US', 'url']' even mean? I don't understand how it is possible for one script to work fine locally and not on the cloud, even though it doesn't seem to be a part which should create problems.
Looking at your code, I'd suggest some changes (this is based on the documentation example https://github.com/contentful/contentful-management.py#assets - 'Creating asset' section):
1 - Store the asset you are creating in a variable
2 - Reload (if necessary the asset before publishing)
#[...]
new_upload = client.uploads(space).create(uploadmedia.stream)
# Save the asset into a variable
new_asset = client.assets(space, 'master').create(asset_id,
{
'fields': {
'title': {
'en-US': fname
},
'file': {
'en-US': {
'fileName': file_name,
'contentType': uploadmedia.content_type,
'uploadFrom': new_upload.to_link().to_json()
}
}
}
}
)
# Important: process the new_asset that was previously stored in the variable
# This calls `.reload()` in the asset as well
new_asset.process()
# Process might take some time - normally it doesn't
# Process and Publish Asset
new_asset.reload().publish()
The reload() refetches the asset, it's normally not needed since process() will do the same.
You can check the repository code for more hints in the behaviour of the library: https://github.com/contentful/contentful-management.py/blob/658341bc5af529b00fa317362c0b6cca221d76e4/contentful_management/asset.py#L42