What is jsconfig.json?

If I search the same question on the Internet, then I’ll get only links to Visual Studio Code website and some blogs which implements it.

I want to know that is jsconfig.json is specific to Visual Studio Code or javascript/webpack?

What will happen if we deploy the application on AWS, Heroku, etc. Do we have to make change?

It's a configuration file to assist your text editor and your module bundler (if you are using one). Your text editor's Language Server Protocol (LSP) looks into this file to learn more about your project.

Module bundlers such as (Vite, Turbo, etc) will also make use of jsconfig.json during development and build time.

While it appears this has originated from Visual Studio Code, any editor using LSP will make use of file jsconfig.json, including Visual Studio Code, Sublime Text and so on.

It's most commonly used to include/exclude folders in your intellisense (which nowadays most editors use LSP), and map aliases in your source code to certain folders.

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "baseUrl": ".",
    "paths": {
      "$libs": ["src/libs"],
      "$libs/*": ["src/libs/*"],
    }
  },
  "include": ["src/**/*.d.ts", "src/**/*.js", "src/**/*.svelte"],
  "exclude": ["node_modules", "**/node_modules", "dist"]
}

This file basically tells the language server to:

baseUrl

Use the . location as the project root (which is where file jsconfig.json) is.

paths

It means $libs in your source code points to /src/libs. This is useful if your editor relies on LSP to locate the files. When you initiate go to file it will go to the right place.

include

It means to include all folders and files ending with those extensions in providing you with file search, code completion.

exclude

It means to exclude everything inside node_modules and dist folder. For instance, you don't want the compiled bundle to appear in search results when you are searching for symbols or variables.

Remarks

In other words, you can consider the jsconfig.json file a bit like the .gitignore file, but for your editor's language server use only.

But keep in mind, if you are going to be using jsconfig.json to map aliases, you would need to do additional configuration to your module bundler, and update your eslint config, that is, if you use ESLint.

For instance, in a Node.js / CommonJS environment, you would need to tell your Node.js what $libs is. There are many ways to do so, but these days people mostly use module-alias.