ontologyrulesprotegeswrlreasoner

Infer Anonymous class in Protege with the Rules Tab

I would like to infer an anonymous class definition for my Individuals in Protege.

I have a simple Ontology with the Classes Rain NoRain and Scene, The object Property has_weather. My desire is to be able to infer "has_weather(?x, ?noRain), NoRain(?noRain), Scene(?x) -> (has_weather exactly 0 Rain)(?x) which i wrote in the Rules tab, where i can mix SWRL and OWL Expressions. enter image description here

I am using Pellet Reasoner, however I also tried with OnTop and Hermit and none works. For example if I do the rule the other way around:

`has_weather(?x, ?noRain), (has_weather exactly 0 Rain)(?x), Scene(?x) -> Test(?x)`

enter image description here

It works without problems.

Is the problem, that Protege just can't infer anonymous classes? Is there any workaround? Thank you in Advance!

here is the code to the ontology

<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Object Properties
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->




<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#has_weather -->

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#has_weather">
    <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#topObjectProperty"/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>



<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Classes
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->




<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#NoRain -->

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#NoRain">
    <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Rain"/>
</owl:Class>



<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Rain -->

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Rain"/>



<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Scene -->

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Scene"/>



<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Individuals
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->




<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#NoRain -->

<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#NoRain">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#NoRain"/>
</owl:NamedIndividual>



<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Scene -->

<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Scene">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Scene"/>
    <has_weather rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#NoRain"/>
</owl:NamedIndividual>



<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Rules
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->

<rdf:Description rdf:about="urn:swrl:var#x">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#Variable"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="urn:swrl:var#noRain">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#Variable"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#Imp"/>
    <swrl:body>
        <rdf:Description>
            <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList"/>
            <rdf:first>
                <rdf:Description>
                    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#IndividualPropertyAtom"/>
                    <swrl:propertyPredicate rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#has_weather"/>
                    <swrl:argument1 rdf:resource="urn:swrl:var#x"/>
                    <swrl:argument2 rdf:resource="urn:swrl:var#noRain"/>
                </rdf:Description>
            </rdf:first>
            <rdf:rest>
                <rdf:Description>
                    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList"/>
                    <rdf:first>
                        <rdf:Description>
                            <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#ClassAtom"/>
                            <swrl:classPredicate rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#NoRain"/>
                            <swrl:argument1 rdf:resource="urn:swrl:var#noRain"/>
                        </rdf:Description>
                    </rdf:first>
                    <rdf:rest>
                        <rdf:Description>
                            <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList"/>
                            <rdf:first>
                                <rdf:Description>
                                    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#ClassAtom"/>
                                    <swrl:classPredicate rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Scene"/>
                                    <swrl:argument1 rdf:resource="urn:swrl:var#x"/>
                                </rdf:Description>
                            </rdf:first>
                            <rdf:rest rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/>
                        </rdf:Description>
                    </rdf:rest>
                </rdf:Description>
            </rdf:rest>
        </rdf:Description>
    </swrl:body>
    <swrl:head>
        <rdf:Description>
            <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList"/>
            <rdf:first>
                <rdf:Description>
                    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#ClassAtom"/>
                    <swrl:classPredicate>
                        <owl:Restriction>
                            <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#has_weather"/>
                            <owl:qualifiedCardinality rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger">0</owl:qualifiedCardinality>
                            <owl:onClass rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/stefi/ontologies/2021/8/8/untitled-ontology-55#Rain"/>
                        </owl:Restriction>
                    </swrl:classPredicate>
                    <swrl:argument1 rdf:resource="urn:swrl:var#x"/>
                </rdf:Description>
            </rdf:first>
            <rdf:rest rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/>
        </rdf:Description>
    </swrl:head>
</rdf:Description>

</rdf:RDF>

`

Solution

  • In general a set of axioms has an infinite amout of entailments. See for example this paper. For this reason reasoners restrict inferences to known classes (not anonymous classes). I suspect this holds true for rules as well.

    I therefore suggest you add a class NoRain that you set equivalent to has_weather 0 Rain and change your SWRL rule to use the class NoRain.