C++ throwing error "terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_alloc'"

I'm trying to run the following code, which should get user input, place it in a string, copy that string over to an array of chars, extract the first character to another array of chars, and finally get the rest of it after a space to an array of ints. But, it throws an error and I can't tell why:

terminate called after throwing an instance of std::bad_alloc

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    char ID[15];
    int score[15];
    float avg[3];
    int i;

    cout<< "Hello there!:\n";

    string name;

    for (i = 0; i <= 15; i++) {

        cout<< "Please enter a ID:";
        cin >> name;

        char* temp = new char[name.size()+1];

        name.copy(temp, name.size() + 1);

        ID[i] = temp[0];

        temp = new char[name.size()-2];

        name = name.substr(2,name.length());
        name.copy(temp, name.size() + 1);

        score[i] = atoi(temp);
    }
    cout << endl;

    cout << "Name" << "      " << "Average" << endl;

    for (i = 0; i <= 15; i++) {
        cout << ID[i] << "           "<< score[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

Solution

Think real hard about what this piece of code is doing:

temp = new char[name.size()-2];
name = name.substr(2,name.length());
name.copy(temp, name.size() + 1);

If name.size() is less than 2 characters, the new[] is invalid. But even if name.size() were greater than 2, say 5, then you would allocate temp as only 3 characters without room for the null-terminator, but then you would copy 3 characters and the null-terminator into temp. So you are likely to corrupt memory.

That said, there are other problems with the rest of your code, too:

Your loops are going out of bounds of your ID[] and score[] arrays. You need to use < instead of <=.
You are leaking memory with your new[]'s, since you don't delete[] the memory you allocate. In fact, there is really no need for the temp strings at all, so you should just get rid of them completely.
You say there is a space character after the 1st character. But your use of operator>> will not read any characters after that space, because that is where operator>> stops reading. Use std::getline() instead when you need to read a string with spaces in it.

Try this instead:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    char ID[15];
    int score[15];
    string name;

    cout << "Hello there!:\n";

    for (int i = 0; i < 15; ++i) {

        cout << "Please enter a ID:";
        getline(cin, name);

        ID[i] = name[0];

        name = name.substr(2,name.size());

        score[i] = atoi(name.c_str()); // <-- prefer std::stoi() instead...
    }
    cout << endl;

    cout << "Name" << "      " << "Average" << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < 15; ++i) {
        cout << ID[i] << "           " << score[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

However, it would be simpler to write this without the use of std::string at all, let operator>> read directly into your arrays handling the spaces between them for you, eg:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    char ID[15];
    int score[15];

    cout << "Hello there!:\n";

    for (int i = 0; i < 15; ++i) {

        cout << "Please enter a ID:";
        cin >> ID[i];
        cin >> score[i];
    }
    cout << endl;

    cout << "Name" << "      " << "Average" << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < 15; ++i) {
        cout << ID[i] << "           " << score[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}