std::basic_string<T>::size_type causes compile error in C++20 mode

Here is a simple code that MSVC 2022 compiles in C++17 mode, but fails in C++20 mode:

template <typename T>
void foo()
{
    std::basic_string<T>::size_type bar_size; //This fails to compile in C++20
}

The error being reported in C++20 mode does not help explain the reason: error C3878: syntax error: unexpected token 'identifier' following 'expression'

Interestingly, it only happens inside templated functions, this counterexample compiles fine in C++20 mode (as well as in C++17):

void baz()
{
    std::basic_string<char>::size_type bar_size;
}

The only way I can fix the problem so far is to use auto instead of explicit data type, for example like so:

template <typename T>
void foo()
{
    std::basic_string<T> bar;
    auto bar_size = bar.size();
}

But I really want to learn what has changed in C++20 compared to C++17 that causes this syntax to be invalid instead of just mindlessly applying a workaround patch.

Use

typename std::basic_string<T>::size_type bar_size;

The name size_type is a dependent name.