sqljsonsql-serveropen-json

OPENJSON - parsing nested JSON preserving relations


I have a JSON array that looks like this

[
  {
    "_id": "12345",
    "uniqueId": null,
    "companyName": "ABC Corp",
    "yearFounded": 1958,
    "stateFounded": "Delaware",
    "someField": [
      {
        "primaryCode": "14",
        "secondaryCode": "32",
        "tertiaryCode": "00",
        "description": "Moving Walks"
      },
      {
        "primaryCode": "14",
        "secondaryCode": "40",
        "tertiaryCode": "00",
        "description": "Lifts"
      },
      {
        "primaryCode": "14",
        "secondaryCode": "00",
        "tertiaryCode": "00",
        "description": "Conveying Equipment"
      }
    ],
    "SomeRegionProperty": [
      {
        "region": "Other"
      },
      {
        "region": "MD - Eastern Shore"
      },
      {
        "region": "MD - Southern"
      },
      {
        "region": "MD - Central (incl. Baltimore)"
      }
    ],
    "Markets": [
      {
        "market": "Pharmaceutical & Laboratory"
      },
      {
        "market": "Retail"
      }
    ],
    "SomeEmptyProperty": [],
    "AndYetAnother": [
      {
        "unionName": "Name",
        "unionNumber": "Value 1234"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "_id": "949690",
    "companyName": "XYZ Co",
    "yearFounded": 2015,
    "stateFounded": "New York",
    "someField": [
      {
        "primaryCode": "15",
        "secondaryCode": "62",
        "tertiaryCode": "032",
        "description": "test"
      }
    ],
    "SomeRegionProperty": [
      {
        "region": "Other"
      },
      {
        "region": "MD - Eastern Shore"
      },
      {
        "region": "MD - Southern"
      },
      {
        "region": "MD - Central (incl. Baltimore)"
      }
    ],
    "Markets": [
      {
        "market": "Pharmaceutical & Laboratory"
      },
      {
        "market": "Retail"
      }
    ],
    "SomeEmptyProperty": [],
    "AndYetAnother": [
      {
        "unionName": "Name",
        "unionNumber": "Value 1234"
      }
    ]
  }
]

So, I need to distribute the object into sql tables (sql server) With the table "MainTbl" - with the Outer most level fields as columns and _id as primary key. THen tables for each nested part ("SomField", "SomeRegionProperty", "Markets" .. etc..) with _id being a foreign key in those tables.

I understand that openJson returns a table value. But, how can I preserve _id=12345 while inserting 3 records for "someField ? etc...

I want to end up with structure like this

enter image description here

And my JSON can be very large, there can be many related tables with many fields. So, going through OPENJSON on the main input multiple times is not too desirable. It may slow down the process. But, I will take it if there is no other way.


Solution

  • first you can to Get Data MainTbl with openjson and Cte

    second you Get DataSomeFieldTbl with openjson and Cte and use json

    ;with _list  as(
    SELECT  
            a.uniqueId
                ,_id
            ,companyName
            ,yearFounded
       
      
            ,stateFounded
       
    
        FROM
        OPENJSON(@json)
        WITH
        (
                uniqueId varchar(100) N'$.uniqueId'
                ,_id varchar(100) N'$._id' 
            ,companyName varchar(100) N'$.companyName'
            ,yearFounded varchar(100) N'$.yearFounded'
            ,stateFounded varchar(100) N'$.stateFounded'
    
            
    ) AS a 
    
    )
    
    insert into MainTbl
    (
             id  
            ,uniqueId 
            ,companyName 
             ,yearFounded 
             ,stateFounded 
     )
    select 
             _id  
            ,uniqueId 
            ,companyName 
             ,yearFounded 
             ,stateFounded                                         
    from _list  
    
    
    
    ;with _list  as(
    SELECT  
                primaryCode
               ,secondaryCode
               ,_id
               ,tertiaryCode
               ,description
    
        FROM
        OPENJSON(@json)
        WITH
        (
             _id varchar(100) N'$._id' 
            ,someField NVARCHAR(MAX) AS JSON
    ) AS a
    CROSS APPLY
    OPENJSON(a.someField)
    WITH
    (
        primaryCode varchar(100) N'$.primaryCode'
        ,secondaryCode varchar(100) N'$.secondaryCode'
        ,tertiaryCode varchar(100) N'$.tertiaryCode'
        ,description varchar(100) N'$.description'
    
    ) AS b
    
    )
    
    insert into SomeFieldTbl
    (
             Id_FK  
            ,primaryCode 
            ,secondaryCode 
             ,tertiaryCode 
             ,description 
     )
    select  
             _id  
            ,primaryCode 
            ,secondaryCode 
             ,tertiaryCode 
             ,description                                          
    from _list  
    
    

    The code below contains the entire code, including creating a table and inserting data to two tables

    
    drop table if exists SomeFieldTbl
    drop table if exists MainTbl
    
    
    create table SomeFieldTbl(
    Id_FK varchar(100),
    primaryCode varchar(100)
    ,secondaryCode varchar(100),tertiaryCode varchar(100) 
     ,description varchar(100)
     )
    
    create table MainTbl(
    id varchar(100)
    ,uniqueId varchar(100),companyName varchar(100) 
     ,yearFounded varchar(100)
     ,stateFounded varchar(100))
    
    
    declare @json varchar(max)='[
      {
        "_id": "12345",
        "uniqueId": null,
        "companyName": "ABC Corp",
        "yearFounded": 1958,
        "stateFounded": "Delaware",
        "someField": [
          {
            "primaryCode": "14",
            "secondaryCode": "32",
            "tertiaryCode": "00",
            "description": "Moving Walks"
          },
          {
            "primaryCode": "14",
            "secondaryCode": "40",
            "tertiaryCode": "00",
            "description": "Lifts"
          },
          {
            "primaryCode": "14",
            "secondaryCode": "00",
            "tertiaryCode": "00",
            "description": "Conveying Equipment"
          }
        ],
        "SomeRegionProperty": [
          {
            "region": "Other"
          },
          {
            "region": "MD - Eastern Shore"
          },
          {
            "region": "MD - Southern"
          },
          {
            "region": "MD - Central (incl. Baltimore)"
          }
        ],
        "Markets": [
          {
            "market": "Pharmaceutical & Laboratory"
          },
          {
            "market": "Retail"
          }
        ],
        "SomeEmptyProperty": [],
        "AndYetAnother": [
          {
            "unionName": "Name",
            "unionNumber": "Value 1234"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "_id": "949690",
        "companyName": "XYZ Co",
        "yearFounded": 2015,
        "stateFounded": "New York",
        "someField": [
          {
            "primaryCode": "15",
            "secondaryCode": "62",
            "tertiaryCode": "032",
            "description": "test"
          }
        ],
        "SomeRegionProperty": [
          {
            "region": "Other"
          },
          {
            "region": "MD - Eastern Shore"
          },
          {
            "region": "MD - Southern"
          },
          {
            "region": "MD - Central (incl. Baltimore)"
          }
        ],
        "Markets": [
          {
            "market": "Pharmaceutical & Laboratory"
          },
          {
            "market": "Retail"
          }
        ],
        "SomeEmptyProperty": [],
        "AndYetAnother": [
          {
            "unionName": "Name",
            "unionNumber": "Value 1234"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
    
    '
    
    ;with _list  as(
    SELECT  
            a.uniqueId
                ,_id
            ,companyName
            ,yearFounded
       
      
            ,stateFounded
       
    
        FROM
        OPENJSON(@json)
        WITH
        (
                uniqueId varchar(100) N'$.uniqueId'
                ,_id varchar(100) N'$._id' 
            ,companyName varchar(100) N'$.companyName'
            ,yearFounded varchar(100) N'$.yearFounded'
            ,stateFounded varchar(100) N'$.stateFounded'
    
            
    ) AS a 
    
    )
    
    insert into MainTbl
    (
             id  
            ,uniqueId 
            ,companyName 
             ,yearFounded 
             ,stateFounded 
     )
    select 
             _id  
            ,uniqueId 
            ,companyName 
             ,yearFounded 
             ,stateFounded                                         
    from _list  
    
    
    
    ;with _list  as(
    SELECT  
                primaryCode
               ,secondaryCode
               ,_id
               ,tertiaryCode
               ,description
    
        FROM
        OPENJSON(@json)
        WITH
        (
             _id varchar(100) N'$._id' 
            ,someField NVARCHAR(MAX) AS JSON
    ) AS a
    CROSS APPLY
    OPENJSON(a.someField)
    WITH
    (
        primaryCode varchar(100) N'$.primaryCode'
        ,secondaryCode varchar(100) N'$.secondaryCode'
        ,tertiaryCode varchar(100) N'$.tertiaryCode'
        ,description varchar(100) N'$.description'
    
    ) AS b
    
    )
    
    insert into SomeFieldTbl
    (
             Id_FK  
            ,primaryCode 
            ,secondaryCode 
             ,tertiaryCode 
             ,description 
     )
    select  
             _id  
            ,primaryCode 
            ,secondaryCode 
             ,tertiaryCode 
             ,description                                          
    from _list