javadependency-injectionstrategy-patternquarkus-rest-client

Cannot access dependency injected inside strategy pattern implementation class


I am trying to implement the strategic pattern,the problem is that I could not access any dependency injected inside the strategy implmentation classes, so here is my code

Payment strategy interface

public interface PaymentStrategy {
    public void processPayment(double amount);
} 

Payment strategy interface implementation

@ApplicationScoped
public class CreditCardStrategy implements PaymentStrategy {

    @Inject
    @RestClient
    ApiExample apiExample

    public void processPayment(double amount) {
         apiExample.doSomething() **//NULL POINTER EXCEPTION**
        // Process credit card payment
    }
}

@ApplicationScoped
public class PayPalStrategy implements PaymentStrategy {

    @Inject
    Service service

    public void processPayment(double amount) {

         service.doSomething() **//NULL POINTER EXCEPTION**
        // Process PayPal payment
    }
}

Payment strategy factory

public class PaymentStrategyFactory {
    public PaymentStrategy getPaymentStrategy(String paymentMethod) {
        if (paymentMethod.equals("creditcard")) {
            return new CreditCardStrategy();
        } else if (paymentMethod.equals("paypal")) {
            return new PayPalStrategy();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid payment method: " + paymentMethod);
        }
    }
}

Main program method

String paymentMethod = "creditcard"; // Or "paypal"
PaymentStrategyFactory factory = new PaymentStrategyFactory();
PaymentStrategy paymentStrategy = factory.getPaymentStrategy(paymentMethod);
PaymentProcessor paymentProcessor = new PaymentProcessor(paymentStrategy);
paymentProcessor.processPayment(100.0); //NULL POINTER EXCEPTION CAUSED BY apiExample.doSomething()

Solution

  • To expand on the answer given in the comments, here's how you might get the bean from the context in spring. Here's a quarkus example of how you might do this.

    it prints:

    2023-03-18 10:08:57,311 INFO  [org.so.q75.Example] (Quarkus Main Thread) ApiExample processed!
    2023-03-18 10:08:57,316 INFO  [org.so.q75.Example] (Quarkus Main Thread) CreditCardStrategy processed!
    2023-03-18 10:08:57,317 INFO  [org.so.q75.Example] (Quarkus Main Thread) PaymentProcessor processed!
    
    // src/main/org/so/q75775998/Example.java
    package org.so.q75775998;
    
    import io.quarkus.runtime.Quarkus;
    import io.quarkus.runtime.QuarkusApplication;
    import io.quarkus.runtime.annotations.QuarkusMain;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    
    import javax.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
    import javax.enterprise.inject.Instance;
    import javax.inject.Inject;
    
    @QuarkusMain
    public class Example implements QuarkusApplication {
        private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Example.class);
    
        @Inject
        PaymentProcessor paymentProcessor;
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Quarkus.run(Example.class, args);
        }
    
        @Override
        public int run(String... args) throws Exception {
            paymentProcessor.processPayment(100.0);
            return 0;
        }
    
        @ApplicationScoped
        public static class PaymentProcessor {
            @Inject
            Instance<PaymentStrategy> paymentStrategies;
    
            void processPayment(double amount) {
                paymentStrategies.iterator().next().processPayment(amount);
                log.info("PaymentProcessor processed!");
            }
        }
    
        public interface PaymentStrategy {
            void processPayment(double amount);
        }
    
        @ApplicationScoped
        public static class CreditCardStrategy implements PaymentStrategy {
            @Inject
            ApiExample apiExample;
    
            public void processPayment(double amount) {
                apiExample.doSomething();
                log.info("CreditCardStrategy processed!");
            }
        }
    
        @ApplicationScoped
        public static class ApiExample {
            public void doSomething() {
                log.info("ApiExample processed!");
            }
        }
    
        @ApplicationScoped
        public static class PayPalStrategy implements PaymentStrategy {
            @Inject
            Service service;
    
            public void processPayment(double amount) {
                service.doSomething();
                log.info("PayPalStrategy processed!");
            }
        }
    
        @ApplicationScoped
        public static class Service {
            public void doSomething() {
                log.info("did something!");
            }
        }
    }
    
    // pom.xml (initialized from https://quarkus.io/guides/lifecycle)
    <?xml version="1.0"?>
    <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>org.acme</groupId>
      <artifactId>lifecycle-quickstart</artifactId>
      <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <properties>
        <compiler-plugin.version>3.10.1</compiler-plugin.version>
        <maven.compiler.release>17</maven.compiler.release>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <quarkus.platform.artifact-id>quarkus-bom</quarkus.platform.artifact-id>
        <quarkus.platform.group-id>io.quarkus.platform</quarkus.platform.group-id>
        <quarkus.platform.version>2.16.4.Final</quarkus.platform.version>
        <skipITs>true</skipITs>
        <surefire-plugin.version>3.0.0-M7</surefire-plugin.version>
      </properties>
      <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
            <artifactId>${quarkus.platform.artifact-id}</artifactId>
            <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
          </dependency>
        </dependencies>
      </dependencyManagement>
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
          <artifactId>quarkus-arc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
          <artifactId>quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      <build>
        <plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
            <extensions>true</extensions>
            <executions>
              <execution>
                <goals>
                  <goal>build</goal>
                  <goal>generate-code</goal>
                  <goal>generate-code-tests</goal>
                </goals>
              </execution>
            </executions>
          </plugin>
          <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${compiler-plugin.version}</version>
            <configuration>
              <compilerArgs>
                <arg>-parameters</arg>
              </compilerArgs>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
          <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${surefire-plugin.version}</version>
            <configuration>
              <systemPropertyVariables>
                <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
                <maven.home>${maven.home}</maven.home>
              </systemPropertyVariables>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
          <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${surefire-plugin.version}</version>
            <executions>
              <execution>
                <goals>
                  <goal>integration-test</goal>
                  <goal>verify</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                  <systemPropertyVariables>
                    <native.image.path>${project.build.directory}/${project.build.finalName}-runner</native.image.path>
                    <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
                    <maven.home>${maven.home}</maven.home>
                  </systemPropertyVariables>
                </configuration>
              </execution>
            </executions>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
      <profiles>
        <profile>
          <id>native</id>
          <activation>
            <property>
              <name>native</name>
            </property>
          </activation>
          <properties>
            <skipITs>false</skipITs>
            <quarkus.package.type>native</quarkus.package.type>
          </properties>
        </profile>
      </profiles>
    </project>