I've tried searching this question in different ways and can't seem to find the documentation. I think it's the first 2 and the last one, but I'm also thinking there's maybe 4 IP addresses that can't be used.
Reserved IP addresses in IPv4 subnets
Every subnet has four reserved IP addresses in its primary IP range. There are no reserved IP addresses in the secondary IP ranges. documentation
The first, second, second to last and last are reserved. For example, a /24 network:
192.168.0.0 - Network
192.168.0.1 - Default Gateway
192.168.0.254 - Reserved for future use
192.168.0.255 - Broadcast