I'm working with two projects: one is a webservice and the other contains the business logic. The webservice project has a dependency on the business logic project.
To run the project, I'm using Tomcat 9.0.65 and Java 11, with Maven for dependency management.
When I run the project in my local environment, everything works correctly. But when I generate the .war file and deploy it to a server running OpenSuse 12, I encounter the following error:
javax.servlet.ServletException: javax.servlet.ServletException: java.lang.ClassCastException: class org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.factory.OMLinkedListMetaFactory cannot be cast to class org.apache.axiom.om.OMMetaFactorySPI (org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.factory.OMLinkedListMetaFactory and org.apache.axiom.om.OMMetaFactorySPI are in unnamed module of loader org.apache.catalina.loader.ParallelWebappClassLoader @5b40ceb)
org.apache.axis2.transport.http.AxisServlet.init(AxisServlet.java:462)
org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:541)
org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:687)
org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:360)
org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:399)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:890)
org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1789)
org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191)
org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659)
org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
causa raíz
javax.servlet.ServletException: java.lang.ClassCastException: class org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.factory.OMLinkedListMetaFactory cannot be cast to class org.apache.axiom.om.OMMetaFactorySPI (org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.factory.OMLinkedListMetaFactory and org.apache.axiom.om.OMMetaFactorySPI are in unnamed module of loader org.apache.catalina.loader.ParallelWebappClassLoader @5b40ceb)
org.apache.axis2.transport.http.AxisServlet.initConfigContext(AxisServlet.java:591)
org.apache.axis2.transport.http.AxisServlet.init(AxisServlet.java:454)
org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:541)
org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:687)
org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:360)
org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:399)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:890)
org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1789)
org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191)
org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659)
org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
causa raíz
java.lang.ClassCastException: class org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.factory.OMLinkedListMetaFactory cannot be cast to class org.apache.axiom.om.OMMetaFactorySPI (org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.factory.OMLinkedListMetaFactory and org.apache.axiom.om.OMMetaFactorySPI are in unnamed module of loader org.apache.catalina.loader.ParallelWebappClassLoader @5b40ceb)
org.apache.axiom.om.OMXMLBuilderFactory.createOMBuilder(OMXMLBuilderFactory.java:165)
org.apache.axiom.om.OMXMLBuilderFactory.createOMBuilder(OMXMLBuilderFactory.java:145)
org.apache.axiom.om.OMXMLBuilderFactory.createOMBuilder(OMXMLBuilderFactory.java:116)
org.apache.axis2.util.XMLUtils.toOM(XMLUtils.java:590)
org.apache.axis2.util.XMLUtils.toOM(XMLUtils.java:575)
org.apache.axis2.deployment.DescriptionBuilder.buildOM(DescriptionBuilder.java:97)
org.apache.axis2.deployment.AxisConfigBuilder.populateConfig(AxisConfigBuilder.java:90)
org.apache.axis2.deployment.DeploymentEngine.populateAxisConfiguration(DeploymentEngine.java:857)
org.apache.axis2.deployment.WarBasedAxisConfigurator.<init>(WarBasedAxisConfigurator.java:156)
org.apache.axis2.transport.http.AxisServlet.initConfigContext(AxisServlet.java:584)
org.apache.axis2.transport.http.AxisServlet.init(AxisServlet.java:454)
org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:541)
org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:687)
org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:360)
org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:399)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:890)
org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1789)
org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191)
org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659)
org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
The error seems to be related to the Apache Axiom class. When I check the libraries of the project deployed on the server, I see that the Axiom libraries are duplicated. This is because the webservice is using Axiom version 1.2.13, and the business logic project is using version 1.4.0. When I manually delete the 1.4.0 library, the project works on the server.
I've tried to exclude this library in my local environment, but doing so throws many errors. I also tried using the same version of Axiom (both 1.2.13 and 1.4.0) in both projects, but it doesn't work in my local environment due to incompatibility issues with the apache-axis version.
Could this be a problem with how Tomcat handles dependencies in Linux? Is there something else I might be overlooking? Any guidance would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks in advance.
I was finally able to solve my problem, which was being affected by three key factors.
Axis2 and Axiom Versions: I had to revert back to older versions of axis2 and axiom to avoid conflicts. The versions that finally worked for me are as follows:
<axiom.version>1.2.13</axiom.version>
<axis2.version>1.6.2</axis2.version>
Library Load Order: The order in which libraries were loading in my project was also affecting things. Be sure to check and adjust this as needed in your own project.
JDK 11 Incompatibilities: I also ran into an issue where javax.xml.stream was accessible by more than one module. To fix this, I had to exclude the following libraries from my dependencies:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.ws.commons.axiom</groupId>
<artifactId>axiom-api</artifactId>
<version>${axiom.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.james</groupId>
<artifactId>apache-mime4j-core</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
<artifactId>
geronimo-activation_1.1_spec
</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
<artifactId>geronimo-stax-api_1.0_spec</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.ws.commons.axiom</groupId>
<artifactId>axiom-impl</artifactId>
<version>${axiom.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
<artifactId>
geronimo-activation_1.1_spec
</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
<artifactId>geronimo-stax-api_1.0_spec</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.ws.commons.axiom</groupId>
<artifactId>axiom-dom</artifactId>
<version>${axiom.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
<artifactId>
geronimo-activation_1.1_spec
</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.axis2</groupId>
<artifactId>axis2-adb</artifactId>
<version>${axis2.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
<artifactId>
geronimo-activation_1.1_spec
</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
I hope this information can help someone else facing similar issues. Thanks to everyone for the help provided.