I have this program, and would expect this to print 1 2 when run with 2 images. However, it prints 1 1 on one image, and 1 2 on the other.
program main
implicit none
double precision, allocatable :: a[:]
allocate(a[*])
a = this_image()
sync all
write(*, *) this_image(), a[1], a[2]
deallocate(a)
end program main
It is compiled with gfortran -fcoarray=lib minimal.f90 -lcaf_mpich
and run with mpirun.mpich -n 2 ./a.out
I am using gfortran 12.2.0, and OpenCoarrays version 2.10.1 with MPICH 4.0.2
Exact output is
1 1.0000000000000000 1.0000000000000000
2 1.0000000000000000 2.0000000000000000
[1689752680.508753] [thomas-laptop:14602:0] tag_match.c:62 UCX WARN unexpected tag-receive descriptor 0x55b38d7fb8c0 was not matched
[1689752680.509388] [thomas-laptop:14601:0] tag_match.c:62 UCX WARN unexpected tag-receive descriptor 0x564edbce58c0 was not matched
Your reasoning for the expected output is correct, and it appears that there's some mishap with the toolchain which is responsible for the incorrect result appearing. Because this is a reasonably minimal case, though, it can be educational to look at the formal statement of the result.
The program of the question consists of two segments:
sync all
sync all
A write to a variable is visible to a read from that variable if the write "precedes" the read. In the case of the question, the write (a=this_image()
) precedes the read (write(*,*) this_image(), a[1], a[2]
) on each image.
"Preceding" is precisely defined in terms of segment orders, which in this case we can state as:
(with appropriate "after" ordering).
Each image defines a
in its own image in segment 1; each reference to a
(on any image) happens in segment 2. Segment 2 in each image is ordered after each segment 1: the definition of a
on each image is "safe".
(If we remove the sync all
we have just one segment, and definition of a[1]
on image 1 doesn't formally precede the reference of a[1]
on image 2, even though it may so happen in practice. This meaning of "precede" is what we consider in relation to data races in other contexts.)