I am trying to follow a tutorial found here, setting up Postfix and dovecot as well as opendkim with SSL on an Ubuntu 22 server.
I am able to get the server to register that the email is being sent, connecting over port 25 with dovecot, but I am unable to send mail due to an error (below):
Aug 21 00:52:55 mamasheen postfix/submission/smtpd[202350]: 0D9B076E8BA: client=localhost[::1], sasl_method=PLAIN, sasl_username=love
Aug 21 00:52:55 mamasheen postfix/cleanup[202358]: 0D9B076E8BA: message-id=<169257917503.194644.17923514880615617174@mamasheen>
Aug 21 00:52:55 mamasheen postfix/qmgr[202220]: 0D9B076E8BA: from=<love@mamasheen.com>, size=1029, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 21 00:52:55 mamasheen postfix/submission/smtpd[202350]: disconnect from localhost[::1] ehlo=2 starttls=1 auth=1 mail=1 rcpt=1 data=1 quit=1 commands=8
Aug 21 00:52:55 mamasheen postfix/smtp[202359]: connect to mamasheen.com[74.208.61.85]:587: Connection refused
Aug 21 00:52:55 mamasheen postfix/smtp[202359]: 0D9B076E8BA: to=<test-dkwrkck60@srv1.mail-tester.com>, relay=none, delay=0.13, delays=0.01/0.01/0.11/0, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (connect to mamasheen.com[74.208.61.85]:587: Connection refused)
I have opened the port and allowed the port in my firewall settings with sudo ufw allow 587/tcp as well as the necessary ufw config for postfix.
Here is my main.cf
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
# Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
#myorigin = /etc/mailname
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no
# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no
# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h
readme_directory = no
# See http://www.postfix.org/COMPATIBILITY_README.html -- default to 3.6 on
# fresh installs.
compatibility_level = 3.6
# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/letsencrypt/live/mamasheen.com/fullchain.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/letsencrypt/live/mamasheen.com/privkey.pem
smtpd_tls_security_level=may
smtp_tls_CApath=/etc/ssl/certs
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, defer_unauth_destination
myhostname = mamasheen.com
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = mamasheen.com, localhost, $myhostname
relayhost = mamasheen.com:submission
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all
# Milter configuration
milter_default_action = accept
milter_protocol = 6
smtpd_milters = local:opendkim/opendkim.sock
non_smtpd_milters = $smtpd_milters
smtp_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtp_tls_loglevel = 1
And master.cf
#
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master" or
# on-line: http://www.postfix.org/master.5.html).
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (no) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp inet n - y - - smtpd
#smtp inet n - y - 1 postscreen
#smtpd pass - - y - - smtpd
#dnsblog unix - - y - 0 dnsblog
#tlsproxy unix - - y - 0 tlsproxy
# Choose one: enable submission for loopback clients only, or for any client.
#127.0.0.1:submission inet n - y - - smtpd
#submission inet n - y - - smtpd
# -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
# -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
-o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
-o syslog_name=postfix/submission
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
-o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=no
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
-o smtpd_sasl_type=dovecot
-o smtpd_sasl_path=private/auth
# -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
# -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_tls_auth_only=yes
# -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
# -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
# -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
# -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
# -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
# Choose one: enable smtps for loopback clients only, or for any client.
#127.0.0.1:smtps inet n - y - - smtpd
#smtps inet n - y - - smtpd
# -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
# -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
# -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
# -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
# -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
# -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - y - - qmqpd
pickup unix n - y 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - y - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr unix n - n 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - y 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - y - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - y - 0 bounce
defer unix - - y - 0 bounce
trace unix - - y - 0 bounce
verify unix - - y - 1 verify
flush unix n - y 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - y - - smtp
relay unix - - y - - smtp
-o syslog_name=postfix/$service_name
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - y - - showq
error unix - - y - - error
retry unix - - y - - error
discard unix - - y - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - y - - lmtp
anvil unix - - y - 1 anvil
scache unix - - y - 1 scache
postlog unix-dgram n - n - 1 postlogd
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRXhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry.
#
# Specify in cyrus.conf:
# lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4
#
# Specify in main.cf one or more of the following:
# mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
# virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux)
# Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
#cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=DRX user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
# Old example of delivery via Cyrus.
#
#old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FRX user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user}
As well as dovecot config, /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf
#default_process_limit = 100
#default_client_limit = 1000
# Default VSZ (virtual memory size) limit for service processes. This is mainly
# intended to catch and kill processes that leak memory before they eat up
# everything.
#default_vsz_limit = 256M
# Login user is internally used by login processes. This is the most untrusted
# user in Dovecot system. It shouldn't have access to anything at all.
#default_login_user = dovenull
# Internal user is used by unprivileged processes. It should be separate from
# login user, so that login processes can't disturb other processes.
#default_internal_user = dovecot
service imap-login {
inet_listener imap {
#port = 143
}
inet_listener imaps {
#port = 993
#ssl = yes
}
# Number of connections to handle before starting a new process. Typically
# the only useful values are 0 (unlimited) or 1. 1 is more secure, but 0
# is faster. <doc/wiki/LoginProcess.txt>
#service_count = 1
# Number of processes to always keep waiting for more connections.
#process_min_avail = 0
# If you set service_count=0, you probably need to grow this.
#vsz_limit = $default_vsz_limit
}
service pop3-login {
inet_listener pop3 {
#port = 110
}
inet_listener pop3s {
#port = 995
#ssl = yes
}
}
service submission-login {
inet_listener submission {
#port = 587
}
}
service lmtp {
unix_listener lmtp {
#mode = 0666
}
# Create inet listener only if you can't use the above UNIX socket
#inet_listener lmtp {
# Avoid making LMTP visible for the entire internet
#address =
#port =
#}
}
service imap {
# Most of the memory goes to mmap()ing files. You may need to increase this
# limit if you have huge mailboxes.
#vsz_limit = $default_vsz_limit
# Max. number of IMAP processes (connections)
#process_limit = 1024
}
service pop3 {
# Max. number of POP3 processes (connections)
#process_limit = 1024
}
service submission {
# Max. number of SMTP Submission processes (connections)
#process_limit = 1024
}
service auth {
unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {
mode = 0660
user = postfix
group = postfix
}
}
service auth-worker {
# Auth worker process is run as root by default, so that it can access
# /etc/shadow. If this isn't necessary, the user should be changed to
# $default_internal_user.
#user = root
}
service dict {
# If dict proxy is used, mail processes should have access to its socket.
# For example: mode=0660, group=vmail and global mail_access_groups=vmail
unix_listener dict {
#mode = 0600
#user =
#group =
}
}
I also generated keys and set up other files with the following bash code:
sudo cp /etc/postfix/main.cf /etc/postfix/main.cf.backup
sudo cp config/etc_default_opendkim /etc/default/opendkim
sudo cp config/etc_dovecot_conf.d_10-auth.conf /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf
sudo adduser postfix opendkim
sudo mkdir /etc/opendkim
sudo mkdir /etc/opendkim/keys
sudo chown -R opendkim:opendkim /etc/opendkim
sudo chmod go-rw /etc/opendkim/keys
sudo cp config/etc_opendkim.conf /etc/opendkim.conf
sudo echo "*@mamasheen.com sendonly._domainkey.mamasheen.com" | sudo tee -a /etc/opendkim/signing.table
sudo echo "sendonly._domainkey.mamasheen.com mamasheen.com:sendonly:/etc/opendkim/keys/mamasheen.com/sendonly.private" | sudo tee -a /etc/opendkim/key.table
sudo echo "127.0.0.1" | sudo tee -a /etc/opendkim/trusted.hosts
sudo echo "localhost" | sudo tee -a /etc/opendkim/trusted.hosts
sudo echo "" | sudo tee -a /etc/opendkim/trusted.hosts
sudo echo "*.mamasheen.com" | sudo tee -a /etc/opendkim/trusted.hosts
sudo chown opendkim:opendkim /etc/opendkim/keys/mamasheen.com/sendonly.private
sudo mkdir /etc/opendkim/keys/mamasheen.com
sudo mkdir /var/spool/postfix/opendkim
sudo chown opendkim:postfix /var/spool/postfix/opendkim
sudo opendkim-genkey -b 2048 -d mamasheen.com -D /etc/opendkim/keys/mamasheen.com -s sendonly -v
sudo systemctl restart postfix
Telnet fails, with command telnet mamasheen.com 587 as well as netstat with netstat -na | grep LISTEN | grep 587. sudo postfix check runs with no comment.
And I configured the domain correctly, with all the right records. I've done this before.
What am I missing here? I followed the tutorial pretty carefully and this is as far as I can get.
Port 587 is the submission protocol in master.cf. You have that disabled. Just remove the comment marker.