I try to install the GDAL library (to use the OGR module >> FlattenTo2D() method) on Heroku. I found 2 sources how to do this:
It is not clear to me which procedure is still valid so I used both (In the mean time I heard from Heroku support that both procedures are still valid...) Once I deploy my code to Heroku it seems that the GDAL library is installed. However, when I run my python script (with command: from osgeo import ogr) I get the following error:'ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'osgeo'.
I then also added 'gdal' to the requirements.txt file to import the module and see if this would solve the problem. However, when I try to deploy the requirements.txt list, I get the following Heroku log error (=extraction since > 30k characters):
-----> Building on the Heroku-20 stack
-----> Using buildpacks:
1. https://github.com/heroku/heroku-geo-buildpack.git
2. heroku/python
-----> Geo Packages (GDAL/GEOS/PROJ) app detected
-----> Installing GDAL-3.5.0
-----> Installing GEOS-3.10.2
-----> Installing PROJ-8.2.1
-----> Python app detected
-----> No Python version was specified. Using the same version as the last build: python-3.11.2
To use a different version, see: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/python-runtimes
!
! A Python security update is available! Upgrade as soon as possible to: python-3.11.6
! See: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/python-runtimes
!
-----> Requirements file has been changed, clearing cached dependencies
-----> Installing python-3.11.2
-----> Installing pip 23.3.1, setuptools 68.0.0 and wheel 0.41.3
-----> Installing SQLite3
-----> Installing requirements with pip
Collecting requests (from -r requirements.txt (line 1))
Downloading requests-2.31.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (4.6 kB)
Collecting geojson (from -r requirements.txt (line 2))
Downloading geojson-3.1.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (16 kB)
Collecting gdal (from -r requirements.txt (line 9))
Downloading GDAL-3.7.3.tar.gz (777 kB)
Preparing metadata (setup.py): started
Preparing metadata (setup.py): finished with status 'done'
Building wheel for gdal (setup.py): started
Building wheel for gdal (setup.py): finished with status 'error'
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [710 lines of output]
WARNING: numpy not available! Array support will not be enabled
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo
-> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo_utils/samples
copying gdal-utils/osgeo_utils/samples/gdallocationinfo.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo_utils/samples
copying gdal-utils/osgeo_utils/samples/gdal_rm.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo_utils/samples
copying gdal-utils/osgeo_utils/samples/gdal_create_pdf.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo_utils/samples
copying gdal-utils/osgeo_utils/samples/vec_tr_spat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo_utils/samples
copying gdal-utils/osgeo_utils/samples/magphase.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo_utils/samples
copying gdal-utils/osgeo_utils/samples/get_soundg.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo_utils/samples
copying gdal-utils/osgeo_utils/samples/gdalfilter.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo_utils/samples
copying gdal-utils/osgeo_utils/auxiliary/color_table.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/osgeo_utils/auxiliary
running build_ext
gcc -pthread -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11 -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include -c gdal_python_cxx11_test.cpp -o gdal_python_cxx11_test.o
building 'osgeo._gdal' extension
building 'osgeo._gdalconst' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-311
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-311
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/extensions
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/extensions
gcc -pthread -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11 -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include -c extensions/gdalconst_wrap.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/extensions/gdalconst_wrap.o -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include
gcc -pthread -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11 -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include -c extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/extensions/gdal_wrap.o -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include
extensions/gdalconst_wrap.c: In function ‘PyInit__gdalconst’:
extensions/gdalconst_wrap.c:3522:61: error: ‘GDT_Int8’ undeclared (first use in this function); did you mean ‘GDT_Int64’?
3522 | SWIG_Python_SetConstant(d, "GDT_Int8",SWIG_From_int((int)(GDT_Int8)));
| ^~~~~~~~
| GDT_Int64
extensions/gdalconst_wrap.c:3522:61: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in
extensions/gdalconst_wrap.c:3631:83: error: ‘GDAL_DMD_MULTIDIM_ARRAY_OPENOPTIONLIST’ undeclared (first use in this function); did you mean ‘GDAL_DMD_MULTIDIM_ARRAY_CREATIONOPTIONLIST’?
3631 | SWIG_Python_SetConstant(d, "DMD_MULTIDIM_ARRAY_OPENOPTIONLIST",SWIG_FromCharPtr(GDAL_DMD_MULTIDIM_ARRAY_OPENOPTIONLIST));
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| GDAL_DMD_MULTIDIM_ARRAY_CREATIONOPTIONLIST
extensions/gdalconst_wrap.c:3743:68: error: ‘GRT_AGGREGATION’ undeclared (first use in this function)
3743 | SWIG_Python_SetConstant(d, "GRT_AGGREGATION",SWIG_From_int((int)(GRT_AGGREGATION)));
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
extensions/gdalconst_wrap.c:3746:3: warning: ‘PyEval_InitThreads’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
3746 | SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/Python.h:95,
from extensions/gdalconst_wrap.c:156:
/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/ceval.h:132:37: note: declared here
132 | Py_DEPRECATED(3.9) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_InitThreads(void);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
building 'osgeo._osr' extension
gcc -pthread -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11 -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include -c extensions/osr_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/extensions/osr_wrap.o -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘int getAlignment(GDALDataType)’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:2947:14: error: ‘GDT_Int8’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘GDT_Int64’?
2947 | case GDT_Int8:
| ^~~~~~~~
| GDT_Int64
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘void pushErrorHandler()’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3352:39: error: ‘CPLGetErrorHandler’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘CPLSetErrorHandler’?
3352 | CPLErrorHandler previousHandler = CPLGetErrorHandler(&pPreviousHandlerUserData);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| CPLSetErrorHandler
| void CPLErr
extensions/osr_wrap.cpp: In function ‘void pushErrorHandler()’:
extensions/osr_wrap.cpp:3169:39: error: ‘CPLGetErrorHandler’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘CPLSetErrorHandler’?
3169 | CPLErrorHandler previousHandler = CPLGetErrorHandler(&pPreviousHandlerUserData);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| CPLSetErrorHandler
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: At global scope:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:6839:133: error: ‘GDALRelationshipCardinality’ has not been declared
6839 | SWIGINTERN GDALRelationshipShadow *new_GDALRelationshipShadow(char const *name,char const *leftTableName,char const *rightTableName,GDALRelationshipCardinality cardinality){
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| _wrap_SetPathSpecificOption
extensions/osr_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* PyInit__osr()’:
extensions/osr_wrap.cpp:982:65: warning: ‘void PyEval_InitThreads()’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
982 | # define SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS PyEval_InitThreads()
| ^
extensions/osr_wrap.cpp:20291:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS’
20291 | SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/Python.h:95,
from extensions/osr_wrap.cpp:180:
/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/ceval.h:132:37: note: declared here
132 | Py_DEPRECATED(3.9) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_InitThreads(void);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
extensions/osr_wrap.cpp:982:65: warning: ‘void PyEval_InitThreads()’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
982 | # define SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS PyEval_InitThreads()
| ^
extensions/osr_wrap.cpp:20291:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS’
20291 | SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/Python.h:95,
from extensions/osr_wrap.cpp:180:
/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/ceval.h:132:37: note: declared here
132 | Py_DEPRECATED(3.9) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_InitThreads(void);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
building 'osgeo._ogr' extension
gcc -pthread -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11 -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include -c extensions/ogr_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/extensions/ogr_wrap.o -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include
extensions/ogr_wrap.cpp:2852:10: fatal error: ogr_recordbatch.h: No such file or directory
2852 | #include "ogr_recordbatch.h"
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
building 'osgeo._gnm' extension
gcc -pthread -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11 -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include -c extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-311/extensions/gnm_wrap.o -I/tmp/tmp.rTYO0BrQbc/include
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* _wrap_new_Relationship(PyObject*, PyObject*)’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:38836:3: error: ‘GDALRelationshipCardinality’ was not declared in this scope
38836 | GDALRelationshipCardinality arg4 ;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:38871:3: error: ‘arg4’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘arg3’?
38871 | arg4 = static_cast< GDALRelationshipCardinality >(val4);
| ^~~~
| arg3
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:38871:23: error: ‘GDALRelationshipCardinality’ does not name a type
38871 | arg4 = static_cast< GDALRelationshipCardinality >(val4);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* _wrap_Relationship_GetCardinality(PyObject*, PyObject*)’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:39008:3: error: ‘GDALRelationshipCardinality’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘_wrap_Relationship_GetCardinality’?
39008 | GDALRelationshipCardinality result;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| _wrap_Relationship_GetCardinality
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:39024:7: error: ‘result’ was not declared in this scope
39024 | result = (GDALRelationshipCardinality)GDALRelationshipShadow_GetCardinality(arg1);
| ^~~~~~
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:39039:48: error: ‘result’ was not declared in this scope
39039 | resultobj = SWIG_From_int(static_cast< int >(result));
| ^~~~~~
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* _wrap_Relationship_GetType(PyObject*, PyObject*)’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:39748:3: error: ‘GDALRelationshipType’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘GDALRelationshipShadow’?
39748 | GDALRelationshipType result;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| GDALRelationshipShadow
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:39764:7: error: ‘result’ was not declared in this scope
39764 | result = (GDALRelationshipType)GDALRelationshipShadow_GetType(arg1);
| ^~~~~~
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:39779:48: error: ‘result’ was not declared in this scope
39779 | resultobj = SWIG_From_int(static_cast< int >(result));
| ^~~~~~
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* _wrap_Relationship_SetType(PyObject*, PyObject*)’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:39790:3: error: ‘GDALRelationshipType’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘GDALRelationshipShadow’?
39790 | GDALRelationshipType arg2 ;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| GDALRelationshipShadow
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:39807:3: error: ‘arg2’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘arg1’?
39807 | arg2 = static_cast< GDALRelationshipType >(val2);
| ^~~~
| arg1
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:39807:23: error: ‘GDALRelationshipType’ does not name a type; did you mean ‘GDALRelationshipShadow’?
39807 | arg2 = static_cast< GDALRelationshipType >(val2);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| GDALRelationshipShadow
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* _wrap_new_GDALVectorInfoOptions(PyObject*, PyObject*)’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46039:3: error: ‘GDALVectorInfoOptions’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘GDALInfoOptions’?
46039 | GDALVectorInfoOptions *result = 0 ;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| GDALInfoOptions
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46039:26: error: ‘result’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘resultobj’?
46039 | GDALVectorInfoOptions *result = 0 ;
| ^~~~~~
| resultobj
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46059:40: error: expected primary-expression before ‘)’ token
46059 | result = (GDALVectorInfoOptions *)new_GDALVectorInfoOptions(arg1);
| ^
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* _wrap_delete_GDALVectorInfoOptions(PyObject*, PyObject*)’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46092:3: error: ‘GDALVectorInfoOptions’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘GDALInfoOptions’?
46092 | GDALVectorInfoOptions *arg1 = (GDALVectorInfoOptions *) 0 ;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| GDALInfoOptions
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46092:26: error: ‘arg1’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘args’?
46092 | GDALVectorInfoOptions *arg1 = (GDALVectorInfoOptions *) 0 ;
| ^~~~
| args
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46092:57: error: expected primary-expression before ‘)’ token
46092 | GDALVectorInfoOptions *arg1 = (GDALVectorInfoOptions *) 0 ;
| ^
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46103:28: error: ‘GDALVectorInfoOptions’ does not name a type; did you mean ‘GDALInfoOptions’?
46103 | arg1 = reinterpret_cast< GDALVectorInfoOptions * >(argp1);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| GDALInfoOptions
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46103:50: error: expected ‘>’ before ‘*’ token
46103 | arg1 = reinterpret_cast< GDALVectorInfoOptions * >(argp1);
| ^
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46103:50: error: expected ‘(’ before ‘*’ token
46103 | arg1 = reinterpret_cast< GDALVectorInfoOptions * >(argp1);
| ^
| (
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46103:52: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
46103 | arg1 = reinterpret_cast< GDALVectorInfoOptions * >(argp1);
| ^
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46103:60: error: expected ‘)’ before ‘;’ token
46103 | arg1 = reinterpret_cast< GDALVectorInfoOptions * >(argp1);
| ^
| )
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46111:7: error: ‘delete_GDALVectorInfoOptions’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘_wrap_delete_GDALVectorInfoOptions’?
46111 | delete_GDALVectorInfoOptions(arg1);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| _wrap_delete_GDALVectorInfoOptions
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* _wrap_VectorInfoInternal(PyObject*, PyObject*)’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46148:3: error: ‘GDALVectorInfoOptions’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘GDALInfoOptions’?
| (
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46166:52: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
46166 | arg2 = reinterpret_cast< GDALVectorInfoOptions * >(argp2);
| ^
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46166:60: error: expected ‘)’ before ‘;’ token
46166 | arg2 = reinterpret_cast< GDALVectorInfoOptions * >(argp2);
| ^
| )
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:46174:39: error: ‘GDALVectorInfo’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘GDALVersionInfo’?
46174 | result = (retStringAndCPLFree *)GDALVectorInfo(arg1,arg2);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| GDALVersionInfo
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* PyInit__gdal()’:
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:982:65: warning: ‘void PyEval_InitThreads()’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
982 | # define SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS PyEval_InitThreads()
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp: In function ‘void pushErrorHandler()’:
extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp:3140:39: error: ‘CPLGetErrorHandler’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘CPLSetErrorHandler’?
3140 | CPLErrorHandler previousHandler = CPLGetErrorHandler(&pPreviousHandlerUserData);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| CPLSetErrorHandler
extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* PyInit__gnm()’:
extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp:982:65: warning: ‘void PyEval_InitThreads()’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
982 | # define SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS PyEval_InitThreads()
| ^
extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp:6770:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS’
6770 | SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/Python.h:95,
from extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp:180:
/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/ceval.h:132:37: note: declared here
132 | Py_DEPRECATED(3.9) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_InitThreads(void);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp:982:65: warning: ‘void PyEval_InitThreads()’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
982 | # define SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS PyEval_InitThreads()
| ^
extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp:6770:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS’
6770 | SWIG_PYTHON_INITIALIZE_THREADS;
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/Python.h:95,
from extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp:180:
/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.11/ceval.h:132:37: note: declared here
132 | Py_DEPRECATED(3.9) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_InitThreads(void);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
error: command '/usr/bin/gcc' failed with exit code 1
[end of output]
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
ERROR: Failed building wheel for gdal
Running setup.py clean for gdal
Building wheel for typing (setup.py): started
Building wheel for typing (setup.py): finished with status 'done'
Created wheel for typing: filename=typing-3.7.4.3-py3-none-any.whl size=26308 sha256=7ad5349105b142e3c06b3d1732ebfc8df0883cc868d8749af0bf8be0fb2424ce
Stored in directory: /tmp/pip-ephem-wheel-cache-0qd1bc96/wheels/9d/67/2f/53e3ef32ec48d11d7d60245255e2d71e908201d20c880c08ee
Successfully built psycopg2 area typing
Failed to build gdal
ERROR: Could not build wheels for gdal, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects
! Push rejected, failed to compile Python app.
! Push failed
A 'wheel' error or something to do with the python version...?
Any idea what could be the issue with GDAL not being found and particularely how I can install the OGR module that I am looking for? Thanks for helping.
The GDAL packages you get via the Geo buildpack and Apt contain the base library, which appears to be implemented in some combination of C and C++.
Bindings for Python and other languages need to be installed separately. It looks like you'll need to specify a version of the Python gdal library that's compatible with the underlying low-level library being used (3.5.0). gdal==3.5.0.3 appears to be the latest such version:
Dependencies
- libgdal (3.5.0 or greater) and header files (gdal-devel)
- numpy (1.0.0 or greater) and header files (numpy-devel) (not explicitly required, but many examples and utilities will not work without it)
Add this dependency to your Pipfile, requirements.txt, or setup.py file (do whatever you're already doing for other dependencies), commit, and redeploy.
The Python bindings depend on the low-level library, so you'll need the base GDAL library as well as the Python library.
Side note: I don't recommend using the Geo buildpack and apt GDAL packages together. They could interfere with each other. Pick one.