My dev Container is gone, but the volume is still there. How can I create a new container with this volume as /workspaces mount? In the volume is a .devcontainer.json, which could be used to recreate the container. But how?
Create a local folder with a .devcontainer/devcontainer.json file and use a named volume:
"workspaceMount": "source=your-volume-name-here,target=/workspace,type=volume",
"workspaceFolder": "/workspace",
Then run Dev Containers: Open Folder in Container... to connect to the container.
If it's a workspace volume that contains multiple repos, then use the File > Open Folder... command to open the cloned repository in the container.