language-lawyeruml

UML Association: Are "navigableOwnedEnd" and "ownedEnd" the same?


Please refer to the following diagram which is shown in the UML 2.5.1 specification at section 11.5.2 on page 241 of the PDF file:

Association

What is the difference here? navigableOwnedEnd subsets ownedEnd, and due to the dot notation, both are navigable by default. The descriptions on page 261 are basically the same.


Solution

  • These are two different concepts, as UML specs state page 202:

    Aggregation type, navigability, and end ownership are separate concepts, each with their own explicit notation.

    End ownership is a structural characteristic whereas navigability is a runtime promise. See this OMG article for an in-depth analysis.

    While navigability is assumed with the dot notation, UML specs explicitly allow for a combination of navigability and dot notation, page 202:

    The dot may be used in combination with the other graphic line-path notations for Properties of Associations and Association ends. These include aggregation type and navigability.