image-processingcamera-calibrationcalibrationsatellite

How to get gain and offset for radiometric correction from dark and flat field images?


I'm new to the area but I was wondering how can one get the values needed to apply a radiometric correction to any image taken from the same sensor having some dark and flat field images.

From what I read the dark field is the bias value and the gain value is the flat field minus the bias. Considering that I want a value from these images that I can apply to any image taken by the sensor I am guessing I can do the mean for the gain and bias values and use them. Also the formula I'm using to get the radiometric correction is:

Radiance = (Bias+PixelValue)/Gain

as @christoph mentioned

Is this right?


Solution

  • I have been spending some time on this problem the last few days and from what I can gather, calculating the radiance of a pixel looks something like this:

    radiance = (DN x gain) + bias
    

    where DN is the pixel intensity, gain is described below, and bias is the dark frame. I pulled this conversion from Matlab: https://www.mathworks.com/help/images/ref/dn2radiance.html

    According to Wikipedia for flat field you can calculate the gain by dividing the average of the flat field - dark frame by the flat field - dark frame:

    m = image averaged value of (F - D)
    gain = m/(F - D)
    

    I am not an expert, this is just what I have found so far.

    Some other documents to look into:

    For a very in-depth look at understanding the math behind intensity mapping: https://cave.cs.columbia.edu/old/publications/pdfs/Grossberg_PAMI03.pdf

    Short overview and code implementation: https://gimoonnam.github.io/imageprocessing/Debevec_HDR/

    For conversion to luminance (basically the subjective version of radiance): https://www.atecorp.com/atecorp/media/pdfs/data-sheets/tektronix-j16_application.pdf

    Please update if you find out anything else!