Can't inspect database when using sqlalchemy

I have a postgres database inside a docker container. I compose it up with this docker-compose.yaml:

services:
  
  db:
    container_name: postgres
    image: postgres:latest
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: ${POSTGRES_DB}
      POSTGRES_USER: ${POSTGRES_USER}
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ${POSTGRES_PASSWORD}
      POSTGRES_HOST: ${POSTGRES_HOST}
      POSTGRES_PORT: ${POSTGRES_PORT}

    healthcheck:
      test: [ "CMD", "pg_isready" , "-d", "${POSTGRES_DB}", "-U", "${POSTGRES_USER}"]
      # The `interval` option specifies how often to run the health check.
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5

volumes:
  db-data:

I get the environment variables from an .env file. Then I have a python script that uses SQLAlchemy to create table schema and a function to init the table like this:

from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, DateTime, Float
from sqlalchemy import inspect
from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, DeclarativeBase
from pgvector.sqlalchemy import Vector

class CallData(DeclarativeBase):
    __tablename__ = "call_data"

    id: Mapped[int] = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    nombre: Mapped[str] = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
    entidad: Mapped[str] = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
    descripcion = Vector(dim=300, nullable=False)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"""
        <CallData(id={self.id}, titulo={self.nombre}, entidad_convocante={self.entidad}, 
        descripcion={self.descripcion})>
        """
    
    @classmethod
    def init_table(cls, engine):
        """Initialize the table in the database."""
        if not inspect(engine).has_table(cls.__tablename__):
            cls.metadata.create_all(engine)
            print(f"Table {cls.__tablename__} created.")
        else:
            print(f"Table {cls.__tablename__} already exists.")

Then I have the following fucntion to send data to the database

def send_to_db(contenido):
    load_dotenv()
    engine = create_engine(
        f"postgresql+psycopg://{os.getenv("POSTGRES_USER")}:{os.getenv("POSTGRES_PASSWORD")}@{os.getenv("POSTGRES_HOST)}:{os.getenv("POSTGRES_PORT")}/{os.getenv("POSTGRES_DB")}",
    )
    Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
    CallData.init_table(engine)
    with Session() as session:
        # Assuming `contenido` is a list of dictionaries with the data to be inserted
        for entry in contenido:
            call_data = CallData(
                nombre=entry["convocatoria"],
                entidad=entry["entidad"],
                descripcion=entry["descripcion"],
            )
            session.add(call_data)
        session.commit()

However, I am getting this error when the CallData.init_table() command is run. Particulary, on if not inspect(engine).has_table(self.__tablename__)

(psycopg.OperationalError) connection failed: connection to server at ${POSTGRES_HOST}, port ${POSTGRES_PORT} failed: FATAL:  password authentication failed for user ${POSTGRES_USER}
connection to server at ${POSTGRES_HOST}, port ${POSTGRES_PORT} failed: FATAL:  password authentication failed for user ${POSTGRES_USER}"
(Background on this error at: https://sqlalche.me/e/20/e3q8)

I have composed down and up again, and I got the same error. I think it's because I have to parse through the password on inspect, somehow. How can I solve it?

Solution

After two days (no kidding) trying to solve the issue, I've managed to. Fyi, I have been running the python script outside of a docker container and it tried to connect to the docker container of the postgres. Besides, I am running the code inside WSL2. The solution was rather weird, but I leave it in case someone stambles in the same exact issue. I had postgresql install on my local WSL abd I uninstalled postgresql and purge it

sudo apt-get --purge remove postgresql
sudo apt-get purge postgresql*

This is the explanation i found from a friend. PostgreSQL installed natively on Ubuntu was likely binding to localhost:5432, blocking the Docker container (which was also trying to expose its PostgreSQL service on the same port). So when Python tried to connect to localhost:5432, it hit the local PostgreSQL server — not the one running in Docker — and the credentials didn't match.

I hope this helps if anyone has a similar issue as mine

EDIT 2: Technically speaking, changing the port to something else or disabling native postgres should also solved it as explained by @snakecharmerb. But in my case, I don't need native postgres.