What could be the issue with this composite key and query setup in Spring Data JPA?

I'm working on a Spring Boot project using JPA and trying to query an entity that uses a composite primary key with @IdClass, but I can't get the repository method to work.

I've double-checked that:

• All imports are correct (jakarta.persistence.*,)
• My repository is injected properly
• The method is being called from the service

Is my setup correct? Should I be watching out for something specific when using @IdClass with Spring Data JPA?

Entity:

@Entity 
@Table(name = "entity_relation", schema = "my_schema") 
@IdClass(EntityRelationKey.class) 
public class EntityRelation {

@Id
private Long groupId;

@Id
private Integer sequenceNo;

@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name = "entity_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
private MainEntity mainEntity;
}

Composite Key Class:

@Data 
@NoArgsConstructor 
@AllArgsConstructor 
public class EntityRelationKey implements Serializable 
{ private Long groupId; 
  private Integer sequenceNo; 
}

Repository:

@Repository 
public interface EntityRelationRepository extends JpaRepository<EntityRelation, EntityRelationKey> {
 List<EntityRelation> findByGroupIdOrderBySequenceNoAsc(@Param("groupId") Long groupId); 
}

PROBLEM

When I call this method from my service, it returns empty:

List<EntityRelation> relations = entityRelationRepository.findByGroupIdOrderBySequenceNoAsc(groupId);

@Param annotation is usually used with Query annotation to solve binding parameter errors, but since you already used JPA query method, JPA will try to match and bind the parameter you provided with the where condition so you don't need to put @Param in the method declarations.

you can either try these two things first try removing @Param annotation in your repository query method definition

or second try manually creating the query with @Query annotation

for more detailed and example here is the reference link