I am expecting the code below to print chr7
.
import strutils
var splitLine = "chr7 127471196 127472363 Pos1 0 +".split()
var chrom, startPos, endPos = splitLine[0..2]
echo chrom
Instead it prints @[chr7, 127471196, 127472363]
.
Is there a way to unpack multiple values from sequences at the same time?
And what would the tersest way to do the above be if the elements weren't contiguous? For example:
var chrom, startPos, strand = splitLine[0..1, 5]
Gives the error:
read_bed.nim(8, 40) Error: type mismatch: got (seq[string], Slice[system.int], int literal(5))
but expected one of:
system.[](a: array[Idx, T], x: Slice[system.int])
system.[](s: string, x: Slice[system.int])
system.[](a: array[Idx, T], x: Slice[[].Idx])
system.[](s: seq[T], x: Slice[system.int])
var chrom, startPos, strand = splitLine[0..1, 5]
^
This can be accomplished using macros.
import macros
macro `..=`*(lhs: untyped, rhs: tuple|seq|array): auto =
# Check that the lhs is a tuple of identifiers.
expectKind(lhs, nnkPar)
for i in 0..len(lhs)-1:
expectKind(lhs[i], nnkIdent)
# Result is a statement list starting with an
# assignment to a tmp variable of rhs.
let t = genSym()
result = newStmtList(quote do:
let `t` = `rhs`)
# assign each component to the corresponding
# variable.
for i in 0..len(lhs)-1:
let v = lhs[i]
# skip assignments to _.
if $v.toStrLit != "_":
result.add(quote do:
`v` = `t`[`i`])
macro headAux(count: int, rhs: seq|array|tuple): auto =
let t = genSym()
result = quote do:
let `t` = `rhs`
()
for i in 0..count.intVal-1:
result[1].add(quote do:
`t`[`i`])
template head*(count: static[int], rhs: untyped): auto =
# We need to redirect this through a template because
# of a bug in the current Nim compiler when using
# static[int] with macros.
headAux(count, rhs)
var x, y: int
(x, y) ..= (1, 2)
echo x, y
(x, _) ..= (3, 4)
echo x, y
(x, y) ..= @[4, 5, 6]
echo x, y
let z = head(2, @[4, 5, 6])
echo z
(x, y) ..= head(2, @[7, 8, 9])
echo x, y
The ..=
macro unpacks tuple or sequence assignments. You can accomplish the same with var (x, y) = (1, 2)
, for example, but ..=
works for seqs and arrays, too, and allows you to reuse variables.
The head
template/macro extracts the first count
elements from a tuple, array, or seqs and returns them as a tuple (which can then be used like any other tuple, e.g. for destructuring with let
or var
).