sql-serversql-server-2008sql-server-2005permissionsuser-permissions

SQL Server query to find all permissions/access for all users in a database


I would like to write a query on a sql 2008 that will report all the users that have access to a specific database, or objects within the database such as tables, views, and stored procedures, either directly or due to roles, etc. This report would be used for security auditing purposes. Not sure if anyone has a query that will fit my needs completely, but hopefully something that will give me a good start. Either sql 2008, 2005 or 2000 will do, I can probably convert as needed.


Solution

  • This is my first crack at a query, based on Andomar's suggestions. This query is intended to provide a list of permissions that a user has either applied directly to the user account, or through roles that the user has.

    /*
    Security Audit Report
    1) List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group directly 
    2) List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group through a database or application role
    3) List all access provisioned to the public role
    
    Columns Returned:
    UserName        : SQL or Windows/Active Directory user account.  This could also be an Active Directory group.
    UserType        : Value will be either 'SQL User' or 'Windows User'.  This reflects the type of user defined for the 
                      SQL Server user account.
    DatabaseUserName: Name of the associated user as defined in the database user account.  The database user may not be the
                      same as the server user.
    Role            : The role name.  This will be null if the associated permissions to the object are defined at directly
                      on the user account, otherwise this will be the name of the role that the user is a member of.
    PermissionType  : Type of permissions the user/role has on an object. Examples could include CONNECT, EXECUTE, SELECT
                      DELETE, INSERT, ALTER, CONTROL, TAKE OWNERSHIP, VIEW DEFINITION, etc.
                      This value may not be populated for all roles.  Some built in roles have implicit permission
                      definitions.
    PermissionState : Reflects the state of the permission type, examples could include GRANT, DENY, etc.
                      This value may not be populated for all roles.  Some built in roles have implicit permission
                      definitions.
    ObjectType      : Type of object the user/role is assigned permissions on.  Examples could include USER_TABLE, 
                      SQL_SCALAR_FUNCTION, SQL_INLINE_TABLE_VALUED_FUNCTION, SQL_STORED_PROCEDURE, VIEW, etc.   
                      This value may not be populated for all roles.  Some built in roles have implicit permission
                      definitions.          
    ObjectName      : Name of the object that the user/role is assigned permissions on.  
                      This value may not be populated for all roles.  Some built in roles have implicit permission
                      definitions.
    ColumnName      : Name of the column of the object that the user/role is assigned permissions on. This value
                      is only populated if the object is a table, view or a table value function.                 
    */
    
    --List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group directly 
    SELECT  
        [UserName] = CASE princ.[type] 
                        WHEN 'S' THEN princ.[name]
                        WHEN 'U' THEN ulogin.[name] COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI
                     END,
        [UserType] = CASE princ.[type]
                        WHEN 'S' THEN 'SQL User'
                        WHEN 'U' THEN 'Windows User'
                     END,  
        [DatabaseUserName] = princ.[name],       
        [Role] = null,      
        [PermissionType] = perm.[permission_name],       
        [PermissionState] = perm.[state_desc],       
        [ObjectType] = obj.type_desc,--perm.[class_desc],       
        [ObjectName] = OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
        [ColumnName] = col.[name]
    FROM    
        --database user
        sys.database_principals princ  
    LEFT JOIN
        --Login accounts
        sys.login_token ulogin on princ.[sid] = ulogin.[sid]
    LEFT JOIN        
        --Permissions
        sys.database_permissions perm ON perm.[grantee_principal_id] = princ.[principal_id]
    LEFT JOIN
        --Table columns
        sys.columns col ON col.[object_id] = perm.major_id 
                        AND col.[column_id] = perm.[minor_id]
    LEFT JOIN
        sys.objects obj ON perm.[major_id] = obj.[object_id]
    WHERE 
        princ.[type] in ('S','U')
    UNION
    --List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group through a database or application role
    SELECT  
        [UserName] = CASE memberprinc.[type] 
                        WHEN 'S' THEN memberprinc.[name]
                        WHEN 'U' THEN ulogin.[name] COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI
                     END,
        [UserType] = CASE memberprinc.[type]
                        WHEN 'S' THEN 'SQL User'
                        WHEN 'U' THEN 'Windows User'
                     END, 
        [DatabaseUserName] = memberprinc.[name],   
        [Role] = roleprinc.[name],      
        [PermissionType] = perm.[permission_name],       
        [PermissionState] = perm.[state_desc],       
        [ObjectType] = obj.type_desc,--perm.[class_desc],   
        [ObjectName] = OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
        [ColumnName] = col.[name]
    FROM    
        --Role/member associations
        sys.database_role_members members
    JOIN
        --Roles
        sys.database_principals roleprinc ON roleprinc.[principal_id] = members.[role_principal_id]
    JOIN
        --Role members (database users)
        sys.database_principals memberprinc ON memberprinc.[principal_id] = members.[member_principal_id]
    LEFT JOIN
        --Login accounts
        sys.login_token ulogin on memberprinc.[sid] = ulogin.[sid]
    LEFT JOIN        
        --Permissions
        sys.database_permissions perm ON perm.[grantee_principal_id] = roleprinc.[principal_id]
    LEFT JOIN
        --Table columns
        sys.columns col on col.[object_id] = perm.major_id 
                        AND col.[column_id] = perm.[minor_id]
    LEFT JOIN
        sys.objects obj ON perm.[major_id] = obj.[object_id]
    UNION
    --List all access provisioned to the public role, which everyone gets by default
    SELECT  
        [UserName] = '{All Users}',
        [UserType] = '{All Users}', 
        [DatabaseUserName] = '{All Users}',       
        [Role] = roleprinc.[name],      
        [PermissionType] = perm.[permission_name],       
        [PermissionState] = perm.[state_desc],       
        [ObjectType] = obj.type_desc,--perm.[class_desc],  
        [ObjectName] = OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
        [ColumnName] = col.[name]
    FROM    
        --Roles
        sys.database_principals roleprinc
    LEFT JOIN        
        --Role permissions
        sys.database_permissions perm ON perm.[grantee_principal_id] = roleprinc.[principal_id]
    LEFT JOIN
        --Table columns
        sys.columns col on col.[object_id] = perm.major_id 
                        AND col.[column_id] = perm.[minor_id]                   
    JOIN 
        --All objects   
        sys.objects obj ON obj.[object_id] = perm.[major_id]
    WHERE
        --Only roles
        roleprinc.[type] = 'R' AND
        --Only public role
        roleprinc.[name] = 'public' AND
        --Only objects of ours, not the MS objects
        obj.is_ms_shipped = 0
    ORDER BY
        princ.[Name],
        OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
        col.[name],
        perm.[permission_name],
        perm.[state_desc],
        obj.type_desc--perm.[class_desc]