Resolving javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed Error?

Edit : I tried to format the question and accepted answer in more presentable way at my blog.

Here is the original issue.

I am getting this error:

detailed message sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed:
sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

cause javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

I am using Tomcat 6 as webserver. I have two HTTPS web applications installed on different Tomcats on different ports but on the same machine. Say App1 (port 8443) and App2 (port 443). App1 connects to App2. When App1 connects to App2 I get the above error. I know this is a very common error so came across many solutions on different forums and sites. I have the below entry in server.xml of both Tomcats:

keystoreFile="c:/.keystore" 
keystorePass="changeit"

Every site says the same reason that certificate given by app2 is not in the trusted store of app1 jvm. This seems to be true also when I tried to hit the same URL in IE browser, it works (with warming, There is a problem with this web site's security certificate. Here I say continue to this website). But when same URL is hit by Java client (in my case) I get the above error. So to put it in the truststore I tried these three options:

Option 1

System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore", "C:/.keystore");
System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword", "changeit");

Option 2

Setting below in environment variable

CATALINA_OPTS -- param name
-Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=C:\.keystore -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=changeit ---param value

Option 3

Setting below in environment variable

JAVA_OPTS -- param name
-Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=C:\.keystore -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=changeit ---param value

Result

But nothing worked.

What at last worked is executing the Java approach suggested in How to handle invalid SSL certificates with Apache HttpClient? by Pascal Thivent i.e. executing the program InstallCert.

But this approach is fine for devbox setup but I can not use it at production environment.

I am wondering why three approaches mentioned above did not work when I have mentioned the same values in server.xml of App2 server and same values in truststore by setting

System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore", "C:/.keystore") and System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword", "changeit");

in App1 program.

For more information this is how I am making the connection:

URL url = new URL(urlStr);

URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();

if (conn instanceof HttpsURLConnection) {

  HttpsURLConnection conn1 = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
  
  conn1.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
    public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
      return true;
    }
  });

  reply.load(conn1.getInputStream());

Solution

You need to add the certificate for App2 to the truststore file of the used JVM located at $JAVA_HOME\lib\security\cacerts.

First you can check if your certificate is already in the truststore by running the following command: keytool -list -keystore "$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/cacerts" (you don't need to provide a password)

If your certificate is missing, you can get it by downloading it with your browser and add it to the truststore with the following command:

keytool -import -noprompt -trustcacerts -alias <AliasName> -file   <certificate> -keystore <KeystoreFile> -storepass <Password>

Example:

keytool -import -noprompt -trustcacerts -alias myFancyAlias -file /path/to/my/cert/myCert.cer -keystore /path/to/my/jdk/jre/lib/security/cacerts/keystore.jks -storepass changeit

After import you can run the first command again to check if your certificate was added.

Sun/Oracle information can be found here.